Connection between right ascension and time

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the relationship between right ascension (RA) and time, specifically in the context of celestial navigation. The participant identifies that Rigel, with an RA of 05h 14m, would not be visible shortly after sunset in Cuba, which is approximately at 80 degrees west longitude. The key to solving the problem lies in understanding Local Mean Sidereal Time (LMST) and its calculation using Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time (GMST) adjusted for longitude. The participant correctly notes that the 'clock' for RA is based on the vernal equinox, and the challenge is to reconcile this with the local time experienced by the character in Hemingway's narrative.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of right ascension (RA) and declination in celestial coordinates.
  • Familiarity with Local Mean Sidereal Time (LMST) and Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time (GMST).
  • Basic knowledge of celestial navigation and timekeeping.
  • Ability to perform calculations involving time and angular measurements.
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn how to calculate Local Mean Sidereal Time (LMST) from Greenwich Mean Sidereal Time (GMST).
  • Study the concept of Hour Angle (HA) and its application in celestial navigation.
  • Explore the relationship between celestial coordinates and geographical longitude.
  • Investigate the visibility of stars based on their right ascension and local sunset times.
USEFUL FOR

Astronomy students, physics majors, and anyone interested in celestial navigation and the practical applications of right ascension and time calculations.

Wheelwalker
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I'm a physics major currently taking my first astro class. We're covering the basics at the moment but I am having trouble visualizing this question from our textbook. To preface this, I understand that declination is to the celestial sphere what latitude is to the Earth and RA is to the celestial sphere what longitude is to the earth. I also know that RA is measured from the vernal equinox. The problem references Hemingway's "The Old Man and the Sea" and describes a man in Cuba lay in his boat shortly after the sun set one September night and saw Rigel rising. I'm supposed to find what is incorrect about this. I'm fairly certain that Rigel wouldn't appear in the night sky until much later than the sun sets. Rigel's RA is 05h 14m. The longitude of Cuba (in a very general sense) is approximately 80 degrees west. But where do I go from here? Do I calculate how many hours away Cuba's longitude is from Rigel's RA? How do I factor in the time?
 
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You need to determine what 'clock' is used to define RA, and the clock used by the 'Old Man'. The rest is easy.
 
So the 'clock' used to define RA is that 0h is at the vernal equinox, and goes up east from there. The clock used by the Old Man allow him to read the time at approximately sunset in Cuba in late September?
 
There is time in the Hour Angle:
LMST = GMST + time + Longitude/15HA = LMST - RAwhere LMST is Local Mean Sidereal Time in Hours. GMST is Greenwich Mean Sidereal time. The Sidereal Time above London, England. And time is in hours also.
 

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