Conservation laws during particle decay?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the conservation laws during particle decay, specifically examining whether energy and momentum conservation holds true in the context of quantum mechanics and the implications of quantum measurement events. Participants explore the relationship between particle decay and the wave function collapse, as well as the effects of the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle (HUP) on these conservation laws.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that conservation laws for energy and momentum are obeyed during particle decay, suggesting that the total energy of the output particles equals the energy of the input particle.
  • There is a question regarding whether the decay process constitutes a quantum measurement event and if the wave function of the input particle collapses, leading to precise values for energy during the decay.
  • One participant argues that the decay is only a measurement in a limited sense, as it provides information about the byproducts, but does not imply that all properties take on well-defined values.
  • A follow-up question is raised about whether the conservation of momentum equation is obeyed precisely if the initial momentum is known, with one participant asserting that it is obeyed precisely under those conditions.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the implications of quantum mechanics for conservation laws during particle decay. While some assert that conservation laws hold precisely, others highlight the potential for quantum fuzziness and uncertainty, indicating that the discussion remains unresolved.

Contextual Notes

Participants mention the Heisenberg Uncertainty Principle as a factor that may introduce uncertainty into the conservation equations, but the extent of its impact on the conservation laws during particle decay is not fully resolved.

LarryS
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I believe that conservation laws, like for energy and momentum, are obeyed during the particle decay process, e.g. the total energy of the new output particles is equal to the energy of the one input particle. But is that relationship subject to quantum fuzziness? Suppose we, somehow, prepare a coherent source of freely traveling massive particles. Then after some time, these particles each decay into two other particles. Is this decay process a quantum measurement event - does the wave function of the input particle collapse so that we are dealing with actual precise values of say energy when that energy is transferred to the two output particles?

Thanks in advance.
 
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referframe said:
Is this decay process a quantum measurement event - does the wave function of the input particle collapse so that we are dealing with actual precise values of say energy when that energy is transferred to the two output particles?

The decay is only a measurement in the limited case as we learn something about the byproducts. When a neutron ejects an electron, you know you have a proton and a neutrino running around somewhere. That much is certain. Values for other properties do not collapse or otherwise take on well-defined values. So without knowing the initial momentum precisely, the child particles will not suddenly have certain values for momentum.
 
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DrChinese said:
The decay is only a measurement in the limited case as we learn something about the byproducts. When a neutron ejects an electron, you know you have a proton and a neutrino running around somewhere. That much is certain. Values for other properties do not collapse or otherwise take on well-defined values. So without knowing the initial momentum precisely, the child particles will not suddenly have certain values for momentum.
Ok, thanks.

I guess I have a followup question: Suppose we know the initial momentum precisely. Is the conservation equation Momentum_in = Momentum_out obeyed precisely or is it subject to inherent quantum fuzziness do to the HUP, etc.?
 
referframe said:
Ok, thanks.

I guess I have a followup question: Suppose we know the initial momentum precisely. Is the conservation equation Momentum_in = Momentum_out obeyed precisely or is it subject to inherent quantum fuzziness do to the HUP, etc.?

I would say precisely. (In the sense that you measure both.)

If you knew Momentum_In precisely, and measured a child's Momentum precisely, you would also know the other child's Momentum precisely. And you could confirm that by experiment.
 

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