Continuity of Integrals in L^1 Spaces

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around proving the continuity of the integral of a function \( f \) in the \( L^1 \) space over a specified interval. The original poster seeks to establish that the function \( F(x) = \int_{[a,x]} f \, dm \) is continuous for a fixed \( a \in \mathbb{R} \).

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss the definition of continuity in the context of integrals and consider using the Dominated Convergence Theorem (DCT) as a potential approach. There are suggestions to demonstrate properties of integrals over adjacent intervals and to analyze the behavior of sequences converging to a point.

Discussion Status

The discussion is active, with participants exploring various methods to prove the continuity of \( F(x) \). Some have proposed using the DCT, while others are questioning the effectiveness of certain approaches. There is no explicit consensus on the best method yet, but multiple lines of reasoning are being examined.

Contextual Notes

Participants are working under the constraints of the definitions and properties of integrals in measure theory, particularly within the framework of \( L^1 \) spaces. There is an emphasis on ensuring that assumptions about the functions and intervals are clearly stated and understood.

Oxymoron
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Question:

Prove that if [itex]f \in L^1(\mathbb{R},\mathcal{B},m)[/itex] and [itex]a \in \mathbb{R}[/itex] is fixed, then [itex]F(x):=\int_{[a,x]}f\mbox{d}m[/itex] is continuous. Where [itex]\mathcal{B}[/itex] is the Borel [itex]\sigma[/itex]-algebra, and [itex]m[/itex] is a measure.
 
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I was hoping to use the following definition:

A function [itex]f[/itex] is continuous if for any sequence [itex]x_n[/itex] such that

[tex]x_n \rightarrow x[/tex]

then

[tex]F(x_n) \rightarrow F(x)[/tex]

Does this sound like the right approach?
 
Maybe. Can you show that [itex]\int_a^b+\int_b^c=\int_a^c[/itex], and then that as xn->x, [itex]\int_{x_n}^x f dm[/itex]->0?
 
Im not sure that would help. But what do I know!? :rolleyes:

I was thinking that to show that F(x) was continuous I would do something like this:

1) Fix [itex]a \in \mathbb{R}[/itex] and let [itex]x_n[/itex] be a sequence that converges to x as n approaches infinity. You know, all the regular proof setting up stuff.

2) Use the Dominated Convergence Theorem to show that the sequence [itex]F(x_n)[/itex] converges, and finally get something like

3) [tex]\int_{[a,x]}f_n\mbox{d}m = \lim_{n\rightarrow\infty}\int_{[a,x]}f_n\mbox{d}m[/tex]

Hence showing that

[tex]F(x_n) \rightarrow_{n\rightarrow\infty} F(x)[/tex]

So basically I think using the D.C.T. is essential here. What does anyone think of this method?
 
Last edited:
I'm guessing the f_n are functions that are equal to f everywhere except in (x_n,x), where they are 0. So you need to show that the integral from [a,x_n] of f is equal to the integral over [a,x] of f_n, and that the integrals of the f_n converges to the integral of their limit, f, which you can do using the dominated convergence theorem, bounding the |f_n| above by |f|. Sounds good. My suggestion was just to show that the error (the integral over [x_n,x] of f) goes to zero as x_n goes to x.
 

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