Convergent series with non-negative terms, a counter-example with negative terms

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the convergence of series with non-negative terms, specifically analyzing the series \(\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n\) where \(m_n = \max\{a_n, a_{n+1}\}\). It is established that if \(\sum_{n=1}^\infty a_n\) converges, then \(\sum_{n=1}^\infty m_n\) also converges. However, the participants explore the implications of dropping the non-negativity condition on \(a_n\) and seek a counter-example demonstrating divergence, particularly focusing on the behavior of partial sums.

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  • Familiarity with the concept of partial sums in series
  • Knowledge of maximum functions applied to sequences
  • Basic principles of divergence in series
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  • Study counter-examples in series theory, particularly those involving negative terms
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Crossfader
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Homework Statement



The terms of convergent series [itex]\sum_{n=1}^\infty[/itex][itex]a_n[/itex] are non-negative. Let [itex]m_n[/itex] = max{[itex]a_n, a_{n+1}[/itex]}, [itex]n = 1,2,...[/itex]

Prove that [itex]\sum_{n=1}^\infty[/itex][itex]m_n[/itex] converges.

Show with a counter-example that the claim above doesn't necessarily hold if the assumption [itex]a_n[/itex][itex]\geq[/itex]0 for all n[itex]\geq[/itex]1 is dropped.


2. The attempt at a solution

I think I've solved the first claim using a theorem which claims if series converges then its partial sum converges as well. This holds assuming that I understood right the meaning of [itex]m_n[/itex]=max{[itex]a_n, a_{n+1}[/itex]}

I'm stuck with another one, frankly saying I couldn't find any counter-example.
 
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Crossfader said:

Homework Statement



The terms of convergent series [itex]\sum_{n=1}^\infty[/itex][itex]a_n[/itex] are non-negative. Let [itex]m_n[/itex] = max{[itex]a_n, a_{n+1}[/itex]}, [itex]n = 1,2,...[/itex]

Prove that [itex]\sum_{n=1}^\infty[/itex][itex]m_n[/itex] converges.

Show with a counter-example that the claim above doesn't necessarily hold if the assumption [itex]a_n[/itex][itex]\geq[/itex]0 for all n[itex]\geq[/itex]1 is dropped.


2. The attempt at a solution

I think I've solved the first claim using a theorem which claims if series converges then its partial sum converges as well. This holds assuming that I understood right the meaning of [itex]m_n[/itex]=max{[itex]a_n, a_{n+1}[/itex]}

I'm stuck with another one, frankly saying I couldn't find any counter-example.
How can a series fail to converge? One way is if the partial sums get larger and larger without bound (or more and more negative). Is there another way that a series can diverge?
 

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