Could an ion engine attached to a satellite be used to stabilize orbit?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the feasibility of using an ion engine attached to a satellite to stabilize its orbit, particularly in the context of orbital decay due to atmospheric drag. Participants explore the mechanics of orbital stability, the role of propulsion systems, and the specific case of the International Space Station (ISS).

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Conceptual clarification

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that satellites not at a Lagrange point will eventually experience orbital decay and crash back to Earth, primarily due to atmospheric drag.
  • Others clarify that while orbital decay is indeed related to air drag, most orbits are stable or nearly stable over long timescales, with only a few Lagrangian points being stable.
  • There is a suggestion that an ion engine could be employed to counteract orbital decay, as the required velocity change over a satellite's lifetime is typically small.
  • Some participants note that other propulsion systems may be easier to construct than ion engines.
  • Concerns about vibrations during the operation of an ion engine are raised, with one participant indicating that the acceleration is low and does not cause significant vibrations.
  • A participant mentions that a small ion engine could potentially operate without needing refueling, using solar energy.
  • Another participant points out that satellites generally require electric energy and that refueling in space is impractical for most types of satellites.
  • One participant references the GOCE satellite as an example of a satellite that utilizes a similar approach to maintain its orbit.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the stability of orbits and the practicality of using ion engines for orbit stabilization. While there is some agreement on the effects of atmospheric drag, the discussion remains unresolved regarding the best methods for maintaining satellite orbits.

Contextual Notes

Limitations include the dependence on specific orbital parameters, the practicality of propulsion systems, and the assumptions regarding energy sources for ion engines. The discussion does not resolve the complexities of orbital mechanics or the feasibility of proposed solutions.

vjk2
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Basically, my understanding is that every satellite that is not at a lagrange point will see its orbit eventually decay and it will crash back into the earth. Could an ion engine be set to fire at certain times to offset this? Because the rate of decay is slow, an ion engine might be up for it.

also, how does the procedure go for keeping the ISS boosted in orbit? I'd worry about vibration
 
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vjk2 said:
Basically, my understanding is that every satellite that is not at a lagrange point will see its orbit eventually decay and it will crash back into the earth.
No. Orbital decay is related to air drag, and does not depend on other planets/moons/sun. It is relevant for low Earth orbits.
Apart from orbital decay, most orbits are stable or nearly stable (i. e. have a timescale of thousands of years or more).
Just two lagrangian points are stable, the other 3 are unstable and need corrections.

Could an ion engine be set to fire at certain times to offset this? Because the rate of decay is slow, an ion engine might be up for it.
It can. Other propulsion systems are easier to build, however, and the total required velocity change over the lifetime of satellites is usually small.

Video of a boost
The acceleration is low, and I don't see significant vibrations.
 
mfb said:
No. Orbital decay is related to air drag, and does not depend on other planets/moons/sun. It is relevant for low Earth orbits.
Apart from orbital decay, most orbits are stable or nearly stable (i. e. have a timescale of thousands of years or more).
Just two lagrangian points are stable, the other 3 are unstable and need corrections.


It can. Other propulsion systems are easier to build, however, and the total required velocity change over the lifetime of satellites is usually small.

Video of a boost
The acceleration is low, and I don't see significant vibrations.

Thanks. Didn't realize how low the ISS orbited.

512px-Comparison_satellite_navigation_orbits.svg.png


I figure that a small ion engine could be run without needing refueling from solar energy.
 
Satellites usually need electric energy anyway - there are some passive reflectors in space, but most satellites are supposed to receive and send data in some way.
And refueling in space is impractical for everything apart from space stations and maybe expensive telescopes.
 
What I'm saying is that a satellite could stay in a lower orbital if it had an ion stabilizer that constantly pushed it up to counteract the effect of air drag.
 

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