Current after (1) time constant in RC circuits

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the current in an RC circuit after one time constant, specifically addressing the confusion between the maximum current and the current value after one time constant. The maximum current is given as I max = 4.62 * 10^-4 A, and the time constant is T = 3.9 seconds. The correct calculation shows that after one time constant, the current is 36.8% of its maximum value, which is derived from the equation I(t) = I_o e^{-t/\tau}. This confirms that the current decreases by 63.2%, leading to a value of I max * 0.37.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of RC circuit theory
  • Familiarity with exponential decay functions
  • Knowledge of the equation I(t) = I_o e^{-t/\tau}
  • Basic skills in electrical engineering concepts
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the time constant in RC circuits
  • Learn about the implications of exponential decay in electrical circuits
  • Explore the use of simulation tools for analyzing RC circuits
  • Investigate the effects of varying resistance and capacitance on time constants
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Electrical engineering students, educators teaching circuit analysis, and professionals working with RC circuits will benefit from this discussion.

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Homework Statement



Kxr0R.jpg


Maximum current:
I max = 4.62 * 10^-4 A

Time constant of circuit:
T = 3.9 seconds

Homework Equations



T= RC

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm trying to find the current after 1 time constant. Seems simple enough, the current changes by 63%. So (Imax)-(Imax * 0.63) or basically I max * 0.37

But the teacher just took I max * 0.63 ! I thought it CHANGES by 63% not simply 63% of the original value!

I looked it up and all websites agree that the current after 1 time constant will be 0.37 of it's maximum value, hence a change of 63%!
http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/rc/rc_1.html

Has the teacher made a mistake? I have deeply confused myself over a simple thought. Please help.
 
Last edited:
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The form of the equation is
[tex]I(t) = I_o e^{-t/\tau}[/tex]
You're interested in the value of I(t) for various times that are multiples of [itex]\tau[/itex]. Easy-peasy. Just divide Io by e1, e2, etc.. As you suspect, after the first time constant period the value drops to 36.8% of its initial value (1/e).
 

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