Current through Earth's center to produce magnetic field

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the magnetic field generated by a current loop at the Earth's radius and the current required to produce this field. The Earth's magnetic field strength at the surface is 5x10^-5 T, and the radius of the Earth is 6.38x10^6 m. Using Ampere's Law, the calculated current is 1.6x10^9 A, which was derived incorrectly by applying the formula for a long straight current instead of a single current loop. The magnetic field at the altitude of the space shuttle, 322 km, was found to be 4.77x10^-5 T, but the method used was inappropriate for the problem's context.

PREREQUISITES
  • Ampere's Law
  • Understanding of magnetic fields and current loops
  • Basic physics of electromagnetism
  • Calculating magnetic field strength at different altitudes
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the application of Ampere's Law for different geometries, particularly current loops
  • Learn about the magnetic field calculations for spherical conductors
  • Explore the differences between magnetic fields generated by straight currents versus loops
  • Investigate the effects of altitude on magnetic field strength
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Physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in understanding the principles of electromagnetism and magnetic field calculations.

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1. The field strength of the Earth is 5x10^-5 T at the surface. Space shuttles orbit the Earth at a speed of 7860 m/s . They orbit at an altitude of 322 km. If we assume that a single current loop at the Earth's radius is generating the magnetic field, then what is the current? Determine the magnetic field at the space shuttles altitude.

2. Radius of Earth= 6.38x10^6 m
Amperes law= SBdl=uI (the S is my integral sign)
V=kQ/r



3. SBdl=uI
B is the magnetic field at the Earth's surface. dl becomes the Earth's circumference which is 2piR. I then solved for I by plugging in values and ending up with the formula I=(Bx2piR)/u= 1.6x10^9 A
I then used that value and solved in reverse for B using R as the distance from Earth's center to the shuttle height getting 4.77x10^-5 T.
This was an exam question and my professor marked it as wrong. I don't understand why and I was hoping someone could explain what I did wrong. Thanks
 
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You used the formula for the B field of a long straight current. The problem refers to a "single current loop at the Earth's radius". It's not clear to me what that means.
 

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