Delta function potential and Schrodinger Equation

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on solving the time-dependent Schrödinger Equation for a delta function potential well, specifically V(x) = -a delta(x). The wavefunction is given as Psi(x,t) = (sqrt(m*a)/hbar) * exp(-m*a*abs(x)/hbar^2) * exp(-iEt/hbar). The user struggles with the second derivative of the wavefunction and the implications of the delta function in the equation, ultimately realizing that the second derivative of e^{-|x|} leads to a Dirac delta function. The conversation emphasizes the importance of correctly differentiating the absolute value function and understanding its implications in quantum mechanics.

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  • Understanding of quantum mechanics and the Schrödinger Equation
  • Familiarity with delta function potentials in quantum systems
  • Knowledge of differentiation techniques, particularly for piecewise functions
  • Basic grasp of complex exponentials and their role in wavefunctions
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  • Review the properties of the Dirac delta function and its applications in quantum mechanics
  • Study differentiation of piecewise functions, focusing on absolute value functions
  • Explore problem sets related to delta function potentials, such as Robert Jaffe's problem 6
  • Learn about the implications of discontinuities in wavefunctions on quantum states
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Students and researchers in quantum mechanics, particularly those dealing with potential wells and wavefunction analysis, as well as anyone looking to deepen their understanding of differentiation in the context of physics.

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I have a time dependent wavefunction for inside a delta function potential well: V(x) = -a delta(x).

It reads
Psi(x,t) = (sqrt(m*a)/hbar) * exp(-m*a*abs(x)/hbar^2) * exp(-iEt/hbar)

I'm supposed to stick this back into the time dependent Schrödinger Equation and solve for E.

Taking my Psi(x,t), I found the second derivative with respect to x, and also found the time derivative. Then I plugged directly back into the time dependent Schrödinger Equation, with V(x) given as above. The problem is that I can't seem to make the delta function go away. I get
-(m*a^2)/(2*hbar^2) - a*delta(x) = E

How do I get the delta to go away? I can't just say x=0, because then the delta function is infinity.

I also tried: Plugging directly back into the time dependent Schrödinger Equation, I integrate both sides from -e to +e, where is some really small distance around x=0. Instead of using dPsi/dt, I write dPsi/dt in terms of d^2Psi/dx^2. Then I integrate both sides. The only problem with doing this, is when I integrate d^2Psi/dx^2 dx, this becomes dPsi/dx evaluated from -e to +e -- and because of the absolute value of x in Psi, this is zero. Help!
 
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Where you went wrong was in taking the second derivative of e^{-|x|}; it's actually a dirac delta, which cancels the other dirac deltas as you'd expect.

e^{-|x|} is continuous and non-differentiable; the first derivative is has a jump discontinuity like the step function; and the derivative of that has a singularity like the dirac delta. (What you actually get is the sum of a dirac delta and a differentiable function.) A useful fun exercise for delta functions is problem 6 from Robert Jaffe.
 
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Thank you for the reply, Rach3, I really appreciate it.

I see now that I'm not differentiating exp(-abs(x)) correctly, let alone the second derivative. But when I try to follow your instructions, I find that I'm still not comfortable with differentiating this.

Phi = exp(-abs(x))
dPhi/dx = - dabs(x)/dx exp(-abs(x))
where dabs(x)/dx = -1 for x<0, undef for x=0, +1 for x>0

Is the second derivative d2abs(x)/dx2 exp(abs(x))?
Or is it (-(dabs(x)/dx)^2 + d2abs(x)/dx2 ) exp(abs(x)) ?
Or none of the above, lol?
 

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