Derivative of unit step function

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The discussion focuses on proving that the derivative of the unit step function, Θ(x-x'), is equal to the Dirac delta function, δ(x-x'). It highlights the behavior of Θ(x-x') based on the values of x and x', noting that it is 0 when x-x' is negative and 1 when positive. Participants suggest proving the statement for cases where x is less than and greater than x', emphasizing that both functions are undefined at x=x'. A key point made is that the integral of δ(x-x') can be expressed in terms of Θ functions, leading to a deeper understanding of these distributions. Overall, the conversation aims to clarify the relationship between the delta function and the unit step function through distribution theory.
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Homework Statement


Show that δ(x-x') = d/dx Θ(x-x')

Homework Equations


∫ f(x') δ(x-x') dx' = f(x)
Θ(x-x') vanishes if x-x' is negative and 1 if x-x' is positive

The Attempt at a Solution


I saw a relation of the δ function but I don't know why is it like that.

Integral of δ(x-x') from -∞ to x is 1 if x>x' and 0 if x<x'

I'm not sure how to start. Any suggestions?
 
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The statement is really only true for ##x\neq x'##. Try to prove it first for ##x<x'## and then for ##x>x'##.

Neither side has a value at ##x=x'##. But what you can prove that can substitute for that (if one sets up the required structure based on treating them as distributions rather than functions) is that, for ##a<x'<b:\ \int_a^b\delta(x-x')dx=\Theta(b)-\Theta(a)##.

If you can prove those three things, I think that's as close as one can get without getting deep into distribution theory.
 
Question: A clock's minute hand has length 4 and its hour hand has length 3. What is the distance between the tips at the moment when it is increasing most rapidly?(Putnam Exam Question) Answer: Making assumption that both the hands moves at constant angular velocities, the answer is ## \sqrt{7} .## But don't you think this assumption is somewhat doubtful and wrong?

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