Derive the wave equation for fields E, B from the potentials

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around deriving the homogeneous wave equations for the electric field (E) and magnetic field (B) from scalar and vector potentials in the context of electrodynamics. The original poster is specifically focused on the relationship between these fields and the potentials, as well as the implications of the Lorenz gauge condition.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Mathematical reasoning

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • The original poster describes their approach to deriving the wave equation for the B field and expresses uncertainty about deriving the wave equation for the E field, indicating a need to combine several equations. Other participants question the validity of operations involving derivatives and the conditions under which they can be applied.

Discussion Status

Participants are actively engaging with the problem, with some providing guidance on the assumptions regarding the behavior of functions in physics. There is a collaborative exploration of the mathematical steps involved in the derivation, but no consensus has been reached on the final outcome.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes references to specific equations and conditions, such as the Lorenz gauge condition and the wave equations for the potentials, which are central to the problem but may not be fully defined for all participants.

phenomenologic
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I'm studying for my electrodynamics exam and one of the past exam questions is:

From the scalar and vector potentials, derive the homogenous wave equations for E and B fields in vacuum.

I did derive the wave equation for the B field by simply taking the curl of the homogenous wave equation for the vector potential A. But I got stuck deriving the wave equation for the E field. I think it has to come from a tricky combination of the following four equations:
1) Definition of the E field E = -Φ - ∂A/dt
2&3) Wave equations for Φ and A
4) Lorenz gauge condition: ∇.A - (1/c^2)(∂^2Φ/∂t^2) = 0

Any help is appreciated!
 
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If Φ satisfies the wave equation, can you show that -Φ also satisfies the wave equation?
 
Hmm, so I write -(ΔΦ-(1/c^2)(∂^2Φ/∂t^2))=Δ(-Φ)-(1/c^2)(∂^2(-Φ)/∂t^2)=0. And this operation (i.e, taking nabla 'inside' the Laplacian and the partial time derivative) is allowed, right? There are no restrictions on it as far as I know but I'm not 100% sure.

Then I perform the same trick for -∂A/∂t. Similarly, I take the partial derivative inside (again, assuming it's allowed), showing the equation is satisfied for -∂A/∂t. Then add up the new equations, use formula 1) above and done?
 
That was what I wasn't 100% sure. Thanks!
 

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