Directional Derivatives and the Gradient Vector

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating directional derivatives and the gradient vector for a hill defined by the equation z = 1200 - 0.005x² - 0.01y². The user analyzes their ascent or descent while walking south and northwest from the coordinates (120, 80, 1064). The gradient vector is determined to be in the direction (-1.2, -1.6) with a rate of ascent of 2. The user confirms that the angle of ascent above the horizontal is calculated using Arctan(2), resolving a previous confusion regarding calculator settings.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of multivariable calculus concepts, specifically directional derivatives.
  • Familiarity with gradient vectors and their applications in optimization.
  • Knowledge of trigonometric functions, particularly the tangent function for angle calculations.
  • Proficiency in using graphing calculators or software for evaluating functions and angles.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of gradient vectors in multivariable calculus.
  • Learn how to compute directional derivatives for various functions.
  • Explore applications of the gradient in optimization problems.
  • Investigate the relationship between angles and slopes in three-dimensional space.
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in mathematics, engineering, and physics who are studying multivariable calculus, particularly those focusing on optimization and directional derivatives.

ktobrien
Messages
27
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement



Suppose you are climbing a hill whose shape is given by the equation below, where x, y, and z are measured in meters, and you are standing at a point with coordinates (120, 80, 1064). The positive x-axis points east and the positive y-axis points north.
z = 1200 - 0.005x2 - 0.01y2

a) If you walk due south, will you start to ascend or descend? At what rate?
b) If you walk northwest, will you start to ascend or descend? At what rate?
c) In which direction is the slope largest? What is the rate of ascent in that direction?
At what angle above the horizontal does the path in that direction begin?

Homework Equations



Duf(x,y) = gradient f(x.y) * unit vector



The Attempt at a Solution


I have already done a and b and most of c. I am having trouble with the last part of c. I am not sure how to go about finding the angle it makes with the horizontal. I know that it goes in the (-1.2,-1.6) direction and that the rate of ascent is 2. Could someone please tell me how to find the angle? Thanks
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Arctan(2)
 
Yea that's what I thought. Thanks for confirming that. I just discovered my calculator has been in radians. Thanks.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 9 ·
Replies
9
Views
2K
  • · Replies 4 ·
Replies
4
Views
3K
Replies
12
Views
9K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
2K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
5K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 22 ·
Replies
22
Views
4K
  • · Replies 20 ·
Replies
20
Views
2K