SUMMARY
The discussion focuses on identities for the inverse tangent function, specifically for complex numbers. It establishes that the identity for the difference of arctangents is given by $$\tan^{-1}(x) - \tan^{-1}(y) = \tan^{-1}\left(\frac{x-y}{1+xy}\right) + k\pi$$, where $$k \in \mathbb{Z}$$. Additionally, it derives the real and imaginary parts of $$\arctan(x + iy)$$ using logarithmic and series representations, specifically for $$|z| < 1$$, leading to expressions involving sums of sine and cosine functions. The key formulas presented include $$\arctan(z) = \frac{i}{2} \ln{\left(\frac{i + z}{i - z}\right)}$$ and the series expansions for the real and imaginary parts.
PREREQUISITES
- Complex analysis fundamentals
- Understanding of logarithmic functions
- Familiarity with series expansions
- Knowledge of trigonometric identities
NEXT STEPS
- Study the properties of complex logarithms
- Explore the derivation of series expansions for trigonometric functions
- Learn about the applications of inverse trigonometric functions in complex analysis
- Investigate the angle-difference identities for tangent in greater detail
USEFUL FOR
Mathematicians, students of complex analysis, and anyone interested in advanced trigonometric identities and their applications in complex number theory.