Does moisture increase friction on skin?

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SUMMARY

Moisture increases friction on skin when interacting with certain surfaces, such as plastic bags, due to enhanced adhesion between wet fingertips and the plastic. This phenomenon occurs because dry fingers experience lower friction, allowing them to slide more easily against the plastic. The discussion highlights that while wet skin can increase friction on plastic, it can also make surfaces like glass more slippery due to the strong adhesion of water to glass. This contradiction is rooted in the principles of adhesion and cohesion in tribology.

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  • Understanding of basic friction concepts
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  • Knowledge of tribology
  • Basic chemistry related to surface interactions
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RPinPA
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This may be one of those things that everybody knew but me (come to think of it, I think I'll add it to the "things I learned today" thread elsewhere).

There are some plastic bags I use which come on a roll. I have been struggling to open them when I remove a bag from the roll, rubbing different portions of them between my fingers for sometimes minutes at a time. My wife saw my struggles and informed me that wetting the fingertips often worked. She then, to my chagrin, demonstrated, opening the bag within seconds. I've repeated the experiment several times and it works every time.

When you rub your fingers on opposite sides of the bag, what you're trying to do is get the two surfaces to move against each other. That means that you need the friction between fingertip and plastic bag to be greater than the plastic-plastic friction. With dry fingers, apparently it is not and the fingers are sliding more than the plastic is. But with wet fingers, the fingertip friction increases and voila!

This simple fact is what is puzzling me. How is moisture increasing friction? I would expect the opposite, since in most situations we encounter, water makes things more slippery. I hypothesize that it has to do with the fact that skin is normally oily, so perhaps the presence of a water layer adds just enough adhesion to whatever the bag is made of (it's recycled plastic, I don't know what type) to do the trick. Thus, I'm guessing this is a chemistry question and posting it in the chemistry forum.

And thus the trick shouldn't work with a non-oily surface, say rubbing between two pieces of aluminum foil. I have yet to check that.
 
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OK, so I guess you're telling me that it has to do with adhesion of the water to the plastic, as I suggested.

But that doesn't seem to me to be the whole story. Why does water make some things MORE slippery then? Why do tires slip on a wet road? Why are my fingers more slippery on a wet glass than a dry one? The article you linked points out that water has a very strong adhesion to glass. So what's the connection between slipperiness and adhesion then?

To review:
- skin on plastic bag, more slippery when dry
- skin on glass, more slippery when wet
- skin on other things... (untested)
 
When the forces wanting to separate the two adhering surfaces are greater than the adhesive force, they move. You are seeing this phenomena clearly in this case because the plastic you are using is very light, so very small adhesive forces will have more visible effects. If you try another experiment trying to lift a 50# cube of polyethylene, you may have difficulty picking it up at all from the sides with the cube and your hands wet.
RPinPA said:
To review:
- skin on plastic, more slippery when dry
- skin on glass, more slippery when wet

These statements are generalizations that don't have quantitative meanings. Wet (fully soaked) skin on fully wetted smooth solid surfaces is very slick if there is adequate water to keep the two surfaces apart. Think slip'n'slide or a very wet kitchen floor. Conversely, when you apply significant force to dry skin on plastic, there will be significant friction. As your skin heats, it won't feel like it is very slick, and its not.

Some additional reading:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lubricity
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tribology
 

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