How Long Does It Take an Electron to Travel Through a Copper Wire?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the time it takes for an electron to travel through a copper wire connected to a battery. The resistivity of copper is given as ρ = 1.69x10^-8 Ω·m, and the electron density is n = 8.49*10^28 electrons/m^2. The diameter of the wire is 5mm, and the current is 100A. The drift velocity (v_d) is calculated using the formula v_d = i/(Ane), leading to the conclusion that the resistivity provided was not necessary for the calculation of time, although it can be used to derive mobility.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of drift velocity in conductors
  • Familiarity with current density and its relationship to electron flow
  • Knowledge of basic electrical properties of materials, specifically resistivity
  • Ability to manipulate equations involving current, area, and electron density
NEXT STEPS
  • Learn about calculating mobility from resistivity in conductors
  • Research the relationship between current density and drift velocity
  • Explore the effects of wire diameter on drift velocity and current flow
  • Study the impact of temperature on the resistivity of copper
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics or electrical engineering, educators teaching electromagnetism, and professionals involved in electrical circuit design or analysis.

cseil
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Homework Statement


There's an engine connected to a battery with a copper wire.
ρ = 1.69x10^-8
n = 8.49*10^28 electrons/m^2

The diameter of the wire is 5mm. The length is 1m.
How long does it take for an electron to go from the battery to the engine if i = 100A?

Homework Equations



## v_d = \frac{J}{ne} = \frac{i}{Ane} ##

The Attempt at a Solution



I calculated ##v_d## with the equation I wrote above.
I know that the drift velocity could be considered constant. So I calculated t:

## x(t) = 1m = vt => t = 1/v_d ##

My only question is: why did he give me the resistivity!?
Is there something unclear to me?

Thank you
 
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cseil said:

Homework Statement


There's an engine connected to a battery with a copper wire.
ρ = 1.69x10^-8
n = 8.49*10^28 electrons/m^2

The diameter of the wire is 5mm. The length is 1m.
How long does it take for an electron to go from the battery to the engine if i = 100A?

Homework Equations



## v_d = \frac{J}{ne} = \frac{i}{Ane} ##

The Attempt at a Solution



I calculated ##v_d## with the equation I wrote above.
I know that the drift velocity could be considered constant. So I calculated t:

## x(t) = 1m = vt => t = 1/v_d ##

My only question is: why did he give me the resistivity!?
Is there something unclear to me?

Thank you
Your method is correct. The resistivity was not necessary, but one can calculate the mobility from it, and then the drift velocity from the mobility. As the current was given, that was not necessary.
 

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