Electrokinetics: charge transfer coefficient

In summary, the Butler-Volmer equation is a kinetic equation used to describe electrode reactions with a transfer of electrons. It includes the charge transfer coefficient, which is a dimensionless number between 0 and 1, and is related to the change in free energy during the transport of electrons through the electrode potential. The derivation of the free activation energy of oxidation in terms of the electrode potential includes the Faraday constant, which represents the amount of charge per mole of electrons. This is because the change in free energy during electron transport is affected by the electrode potential, with a reversible case having a larger impact than an irreversible one. The charge transfer coefficient is defined using the partial derivatives of the free activation energy with respect to the electrode potential and is
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ussername
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I'm trying to understand the concept of Butler-Volmer equation and its kinetic derivation. What I don't know and didn't find it anywhere is related to the charge transfer coefficient.

Let's have a reaction coordinate during electrode reaction with a transfer of electrons:
activation-energy-for-charge-transfer-reaction.png


Can anybody explain why the derivation of free activation energy of oxidation ##\Delta G*_{ox}## with respect to the electrode potential ##E## is:
$$\left( \frac{\partial \Delta G*_{ox}}{\partial E} \right)_{T,p,E_{eq}}=-F\cdot \alpha_{ox}$$
where ##\alpha_{ox}## is the charge transfer coefficient of oxidation - dimensionless number with value from 0 to 1.
Why is there Faraday constant and not any other number?

The explanation could be related to the change of free energy during transport of electrons through the electrode potential - it is ##\Delta G_{m}=-F\cdot E## for reversible case and ##\Delta G_{m}>-F\cdot E## for irreversible case (with heat dissipation). In that case ##\alpha_{ox}=1## would stand for reversible charge transport and ##\alpha_{ox}=0## would stand for totally irreversible charge transport.

Note: I know there are more definitions of charge transfer coefficient but please let's work with this difinition:
$$\alpha_{ox}=-\frac{1}{F}\cdot \left (\frac{\partial \Delta G*_{ox}}{\partial E} \right )_{T,p,E_{eq}}$$ $$\alpha_{red}=\frac{1}{F}\cdot \left (\frac{\partial \Delta G*_{red}}{\partial E} \right )_{T,p,E_{eq}}$$
 
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1. What is electrokinetics and how is it related to charge transfer coefficient?

Electrokinetics is the study of the movement of electrically charged particles in a solution. The charge transfer coefficient is a parameter that describes the rate of charge transfer between two phases, such as between an electrode and a solution, which is a key aspect of electrokinetics.

2. How is the charge transfer coefficient determined?

The charge transfer coefficient is typically determined through experiments that measure the rate of a particular electrochemical reaction at different electrode potentials. The slope of the resulting current-potential curve is used to calculate the charge transfer coefficient.

3. What factors can affect the charge transfer coefficient?

The charge transfer coefficient can be influenced by a variety of factors, including the properties of the electrode and the solution, temperature, and the presence of any additives or impurities in the solution. Additionally, the type of electrochemical reaction taking place can also impact the charge transfer coefficient.

4. How does the charge transfer coefficient affect the efficiency of electrochemical reactions?

The charge transfer coefficient is directly related to the rate of charge transfer, which is a key factor in the efficiency of electrochemical reactions. A higher charge transfer coefficient means a faster rate of charge transfer, resulting in a more efficient reaction.

5. Can the charge transfer coefficient be manipulated or controlled?

Yes, the charge transfer coefficient can be altered by changing the experimental conditions, such as adjusting the electrode potential, temperature, or solution composition. Additionally, the use of certain catalysts or modifiers can also affect the charge transfer coefficient.

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