The Geiger tube has a resistor (~ 10 meg) in series with it. It is in essence a charge amplifier tube because a small ionization charge gets amplified. When ionization occurs (cosmic ray) and creates an avalanch, (charge multiplication) occurs, the tube draws a lot of current, and the voltage across the resistor increases. This causes the tube voltage to drop a lot, stops the avalanch, and gives the ions in the gas time to recombine. The current in the tube stops, and the voltage rises again.