Electrostatic force equilibrium

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Homework Help Overview

The discussion revolves around a problem involving three equal charges positioned at the vertices of an equilateral triangle, held in equilibrium by a restoring force. The participants explore the relationship between electrostatic potential energy and spring energy in this context.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Conceptual clarification, Assumption checking

Approaches and Questions Raised

  • Participants discuss equating electrostatic potential energy with spring energy and question why this approach does not yield the correct answer. They also consider the implications of modeling the forces as springs and the differences in force behavior.

Discussion Status

The discussion is ongoing, with participants providing insights into the differences between electrostatic and elastic forces. Some suggest focusing on forces rather than energies, while others explore the implications of modeling the system with springs.

Contextual Notes

Participants note that the forces do not behave as expected due to the inverse square nature of electrostatic forces compared to the linear behavior of spring forces. There is mention of a missing factor in calculations, indicating potential misunderstandings or assumptions that need clarification.

Prabs3257
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Homework Statement
Three equal charges +q are placed at the three vertices of an equilateral triangle centered at the origin. They are held in equilibrium by a restoring force of magnitude F(r) = kr directed towards the origin, where k is a constant. What is the distance of the three charges from the origin ?
Relevant Equations
Energy conservation
I was thinking that we can equate the electrostatic potential energy and the spring energy (as the force is similar to that of a spring so energy will also be 1/2kx^2 ) but i am not getting the correct ans but by equating the net force on one charge to kr i am getting the correct ans can anybody please explain me why
 

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Prabs3257 said:
Homework Statement: Three equal charges +q are placed at the three vertices of an equilateral triangle centered at the origin. They are held in equilibrium by a restoring force of magnitude F(r) = kr directed towards the origin, where k is a constant. What is the distance of the three charges from the origin ?
Homework Equations: Energy conservation

I was thinking that we can equate the electrostatic potential energy and the spring energy (as the force is similar to that of a spring so energy will also be 1/2kx^2 ) but i am not getting the correct ans but by equating the net force on one charge to kr i am getting the correct ans can anybody please explain me why
In this three particle set up, the force on one does not vary as the inverse square of its distance from some fixed point. So the potential energy will not match that for a spring.

Edit: even if you were to model it as three springs connecting them in pairs it still would not work. The electrostatic force goes as the inverse square, while the elastic force goes as the square.
 
Last edited:
haruspex said:
In this three particle set up, the force on one does not vary as the inverse square of its distance from some fixed point. So the potential energy will not match that for a spring.
If you were to model it as three springs connecting them in pairs it should work.
If i pair them then they will be in parallel like in the pic below and keff will be 3k but then also i am missing by a factor of 1/2
 

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I don't see why one would expect any simple relation between the potential energies associated with the two types of forces when the system is in equilibrium. I think you are going to have to work with forces, not energies.
 
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Prabs3257 said:
If i pair them then they will be in parallel like in the pic below and keff will be 3k but then also i am missing by a factor of 1/2
Please see my corrected post #2.
 

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