The speed of a mass attached to an oscillating spring is greatest at the equilibrium position due to the restoring force that accelerates the mass towards this point. Contrary to the assumption that speed would be highest just before reaching the amplitude, the speed actually decreases to zero at the extreme points of the oscillation. As the mass passes through the equilibrium, the net force acts in the opposite direction to its motion, thereby decreasing its velocity. This dynamic illustrates the fundamental principles of harmonic motion and the role of restoring forces.
PREREQUISITESStudents of physics, educators teaching mechanics, and anyone interested in the dynamics of oscillating systems will benefit from this discussion.
Alameen Damer said:Let's say I have a mass attached to an oscillating spring on a friction less horizontal surface. Why is it that the speed of the mass is greatest at equilibrium?
Alameen Damer said:I would have thought it would be greatest just before reaching the amplitudes due to maximum kinetic energy?
Alameen Damer said:I see so as it passes the equilibrium, does the net force begin acting opposite to the motion decreasing velocity?
The restoring force always acts toward the equilibrium point. So, when the mass moves toward the equilibrium point, the force speeds it up; when it moves away, the force slows it down.Alameen Damer said:I see so as it passes the equilibrium, does the net force begin acting opposite to the motion decreasing velocity?