MHB Find a parametrization of the following level curves

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The discussion revolves around finding parametrizations for level curves, specifically the parabola \(y = x^2\) and hyperbolas. The parametrization \(r(t) = (t^2, t^4)\) is initially proposed for the parabola, but it is clarified that this only covers the right half, as it does not account for negative \(x\) values. For the hyperbola \(y^2 - x^2 = 1\), the parametrization \(r(t) = (\cosh t, \sinh t)\) is discussed, with the realization that it only represents the upper half of the hyperbola due to the range of \(\cosh t\). The need for a complete parametrization that covers all points on the curves is emphasized, leading to the suggestion of using \((\pm \cosh t, \sinh t)\) for the hyperbola. The discussion concludes with considerations on how to ensure that the parametrizations are comprehensive and valid for the entire curves.
  • #31
I like Serena said:
It does.
That's why it's surjective but not injective. (Mmm)

Ah I see... (Nod)

I like Serena said:
As you said, $3 \cos t$ gets each of the values in $(-3,3)$ twice.
Once where $\sin t$ is positive and once where it is negative, which corresponds exactly to the $\pm$. (Thinking)

Could you explain it further to me? (Thinking)
 
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  • #32
evinda said:
Ah I see... (Nod)
Could you explain it further to me? (Thinking)

For each $(x,y)$ in the curve, we can pick $t=\operatorname {atan2}(\frac y 3, \frac x 2)$.
See atan2 on wiki.

As a result we have $x=2\cos t$ and $y=3\sin t$, satisfying the implication.
Therefore every point in $\frac {x^2}{4} + \frac{y^2}{9}=1$ is also in $(2\cos t, 3\sin t)$. (Whew)
 
  • #33
I like Serena said:
For each $(x,y)$ in the curve, we can pick $t=\operatorname {atan2}(\frac y 3, \frac x 2)$.
See atan2 on wiki.

As a result we have $x=2\cos t$ and $y=3\sin t$, satisfying the implication.
Therefore every point in $\frac {x^2}{4} + \frac{y^2}{9}=1$ is also in $(2\cos t, 3\sin t)$. (Whew)

How can we explain it without the use of [m] atan2 [/m] ? (Thinking)
 
  • #34
evinda said:
How can we explain it without the use of [m] atan2 [/m] ? (Thinking)

Pick $t$ such that $\cos t = \frac {x/2}{\sqrt{(x/2)^2+(y/3)^2}}$ and $\sin t = \frac {y/3}{\sqrt{(x/2)^2+(y/3)^2}}$.
:eek:

Or else recognize that $\frac {x^2}{4} + \frac {y^2}{9}=1$ represents the ellipse with semi-axes $2$ and $3$.
And that $(2\cos t, 3\sin t)$ also represents the ellipse with semi-axes $2$ and $3$. (Thinking)
 

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