Find current passing through resistor

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To find the current through the 8 Ohm resistor, the discussion emphasizes using the formula V = IR, where V is the voltage difference across the resistor. When either voltage source U1 or U2 is shorted, the circuit can be simplified by calculating the equivalent resistance using series and parallel combinations. The voltage across the resistor can be expressed as U1 - U2 if U1 and U2 represent the voltages at each end of the resistor. The current can then be calculated using I = V/R, where V is the voltage across the resistor and R is its resistance. Participants seek clarification and calculations to better understand the process.
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I need to create a formula using R (resistance), U1 and U2 (voltage) for the current flowing through the 8 Ohm resistor. I've been looking at this for hours now and I still don't even know where to begin. Can anyone get me started on this?
 
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Find the current in the circuit where U1 is shorted, and the current in the circuit where U2 is shorted and add them (watch the direction of the current)

if you short either one of the voltage sources, the rest of the network can be reduced with series and parallel resistances.

for an explanation see here

http://www.allaboutcircuits.com/vol_1/chpt_10/7.html
 
The resistor formula is V = IR.
There can only be one voltage across a resistor. It isn't clear what your U1 and U2 are - perhaps they are the voltages with respect to ground on the two ends of the resistor. If so, replace the V in the formula with U1 - U2.
 
I must have missed something basic because I still can't wrap my brain around this.
Here is how I see it (and this is probably very wrong since I know next to nothing about this):

Current from the first power source with the voltage U1 can go through resistor 6+4 OR 6+R OR 8. If I put this into the formula R=(1/R1 + 1/R2 + ... + 1/Rn)^-1 i get the resultant resistance which will be an expression containing R. I do the same for the second power source that must go through 2 and the same parallell connection. I can then use I=V/R to find the current through the 8 Ohm resistor. Or can I?

Maybe someone could show me with some calculations?
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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