Finding quantum number n of molecule

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the quantum number n for a nitrogen molecule (N2) confined in a one-dimensional box of length L = 100 nm, with a kinetic energy equal to the thermal energy kBT at room temperature and at T = 1 K. The equation used is E_n=n^2(π²ħ²)/(2mL²). Participants noted discrepancies in the calculated values of n, with one user obtaining n = 1x10¹⁴ and later 1.58x10¹⁵, which are deemed excessively large. The consensus emphasizes the importance of consistent unit systems to avoid such errors.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics principles, specifically the particle in a box model.
  • Familiarity with the kinetic energy formula and thermal energy concepts.
  • Knowledge of unit conversion, particularly between kilograms and electron volts.
  • Proficiency in using the reduced Planck constant (ħ) in calculations.
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the particle in a box model in quantum mechanics.
  • Study the relationship between kinetic energy and thermal energy in quantum systems.
  • Learn about unit conversion techniques, especially in the context of quantum mechanics.
  • Explore the implications of large quantum numbers in quantum systems and their physical significance.
USEFUL FOR

Students and educators in physics, particularly those focusing on quantum mechanics, as well as researchers interested in molecular behavior at the quantum level.

leroyjenkens
Messages
621
Reaction score
49

Homework Statement



A nitrogen molecule (N2) has a mass of 4.68 x 10-26 kg. It is confined to a onedimensional
box of length L = 100 nm. What is the approximate quantum number n of
the molecule if it has a kinetic energy equal to the thermal energy kBT at room
temperature? What is n if it has a thermal energy corresponding to T = 1 K?

Homework Equations



E_n=n^2\frac{\pi^2\hbar^2}{2mL^2}

The Attempt at a Solution



Well it seemed like it was just plug and chug, but I'm getting an answer that I don't like. I'm getting an answer for n = 1x1014. That seems way too big.

The units also don't make sense.
According to the formula we have...
j=\frac{j^2s^2}{kg(nm)^2}

But after just seeing an example, I see that that same formula can have c2 in both the numerator and denominator to make the units work out. But I still have the problem of having a huge quantum number. Is that number supposed to be that big?

Thanks

edit: oh and also in that example, it seems as though they converted the mass into electron volts using e=mc2, so I did the same thing and found the quantum number to be even higher. Now I'm getting 1.58x1015. Is that a legitimate quantum number? I was thinking I would get small integers, like 1,2,3,4,etc.

Thanks.
 
Last edited:
Physics news on Phys.org
n should not be so huge. You must be making a mistake in plugging in the numbers. Make sure all your numbers are in the same system of units.
 

Similar threads

  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 6 ·
Replies
6
Views
5K
  • · Replies 23 ·
Replies
23
Views
4K
  • · Replies 7 ·
Replies
7
Views
4K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
Replies
17
Views
3K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
3K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
Replies
4
Views
2K