Finding the frequency of a string based on Mass and Tension

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The discussion revolves around calculating the frequency of a string using the formula ƒ=sqrt(T / u) / 2L. The user calculated tension (T) as 490N and linear mass density (u) as 0.04285 kg/m, leading to a frequency of 76.38Hz. There is confusion regarding the division by 2L, questioning if it was necessary or if the original answer omitted this step. Additionally, the user raises a point about whether the wave can freely vibrate over the entire 70 cm length, considering the effects at the pulley. Clarification on these calculations and assumptions is sought.
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I saw the following problem in a test I was reviewing:
1641660422506.png

I don't understand how they got their answer. I used the formula: ƒ=sqrt(T / u) / 2L where f is the frequency of the string, T is the tension, u is the linear mass density, and L is the length of the string.
I got:
T = mg = 50 * 9.8 = 490N
u = m/l = 3/7 g/cm = 0.04285 kg/m
L = 70cm = 0.7m
Therefore f = sqrt(490 / 0.04285) / 1.4 = 106.93 / 1.4 = 76.38Hz. I see that they got their answer from the first part, but did they forget to divide by 2L, or was I not supposed to do that? Thanks!
 
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Can the wave freely vibrate over the entire 70 cm length? Think about what happens at the pulley.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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