Tension required to tune a string to the note of ##E_2##

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the tension required to tune a guitar string to the note E2, which has a frequency of 82.4 Hz. The string has a mass of 5.4 g/m and a length of 0.648 m. The wave equation governing the string's behavior is given by ∂²ψ/∂t² = (W/M) ∂²ψ/∂x², where W is the tension and M is the mass per unit length. The allowed oscillation frequencies are derived as f = (n/2L)√(W/M), leading to the rearranged formula W = (4L²f²/n²)M for tension calculation.

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Homework Statement


State the boundary condition which must be met at a point where the string of question 2 is fixed.

Hence find the real standing wave solutions to the wave equation, and determine the allowed oscillation frequencies, when such a string of length ##L## is fixed at its ends.

If the bottom string of a guitar has a mass of ##5.4 g/m## and its length is determined by the distance ##0.648 m## from the bridge to the nut, find the tension required to tune the string to the note known as ##E_2## (a frequency of ##82.4 Hz##)."

Question 2 describes a wave on a guitar string with the wave equation:

##\frac {\partial^2 \psi}{\partial t^2}=\frac WM \frac {\partial^2 \psi}{\partial x^2}##

Where $W$ is the tension, ##M## is the mass per unit length and ##\psi## is the displacement. It has been shown that the velocity of the wave is equal to ##\sqrt{W/M}##

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



So for the first part I stated that ##\psi## must be ##0## at the points where the sting is fixed as it has no displacement.

Next I stated that the real standing wave solution is given as follows: ##\psi=\psi_0cos(kx+\phi_x)cos(\omega t+\phi_t)##.

For the allowed oscillation frequencies I did the following:

##\psi=0## at ##x=0## and ##x=L##

Hence, ##cos(kx+\phi_t)=0## at these two points.

Setting ##x=0## yields that ##\phi_x=\pi/2##

Setting ##x=L## gives ##k=n\pi/L##

Since ##k## is the wavenumber ##\lambda=2\pi/k## so ##\lambda=2L/n##

##v=f\lambda## gives the allowed oscillation frequencies as ##f= \frac{n}{2L}\sqrt{W/M}##.

When I come to try to calculate the tension however I rearrange f above to get: ##W=\frac{4L^2f^2}{n^2}M## and I've been given all the numbers to calculate ##W## except I don't know what to pick for the value of ##n##. If I had to guess I would say ##n=2## just because in the question it asks for ##E_2## but I have no clue.

Any explanation or help would be very much appreciated.

 
Physics news on Phys.org
You need to determine whether the frequency known as E2 is the fundamental or lowest frequency for that guitar string. If it is, then ##n=1##. I suggest that you search "guitar tuning" on the web for clues to the answer.
 

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