Finding tidal height difference using two wells

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the tidal height difference (h) caused by the Moon using Newton's model, which involves two wells extending to the Earth's center—one at the North Pole and the other at the equator. The pressure at the bottom of both wells must be equal, leading to the integral equation \(\int^{x_{max}}_{0}\rho g_{x}dx=\int^{y_{max}}_{0}\rho g_{y}dy\), where \(\rho\) is the water density and \(g_{x}\) and \(g_{y}\) are the gravitational fields at the respective well locations. The primary challenge is determining the tidal forces while considering the gravitational pull from both the Earth and the Moon, which should not cancel out due to the distinct integrals involved.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's law of gravitation
  • Familiarity with integral calculus
  • Knowledge of gravitational fields and tidal forces
  • Basic principles of fluid mechanics, particularly incompressibility
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of gravitational fields from point masses
  • Learn about tidal forces and their mathematical representation
  • Explore integral calculus applications in physics, particularly in fluid dynamics
  • Investigate the effects of celestial bodies on Earth's tides using numerical simulations
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Students in physics or engineering, particularly those studying fluid mechanics and gravitational effects, as well as educators looking for practical examples of tidal force calculations.

Esran
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Homework Statement



Newton's model of the tidal height, using two wells dug to the center of Earth (one from the North pole, one from the equator on the side of Earth facing away from the Moon), used the fact that the pressure at the bottom of the two wells should be the same. Assume water is incompressible and find the tidal height difference h due to the Moon using this model.

Homework Equations



Pressure is force per unit area. Assume the wells have perpendicular cross-sectional area of exactly one unit area. Then pressure numerically equals (neglecting units) force. Our two wells connect at the center of Earth, so we must have \int^{x_{max}}_{0}\rho g_{x}dx=\int^{y_{max}}_{0}\rho g_{y}dy, where \rho is the density of water and g_{x} and g_{y} are the gravitational fields active at x (distance from Earth's center in the direction of the North pole well mouth) and y (distance from the Earth's center in the direction of the equator well mouth), respectively.

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm having trouble getting started, beyond what I've outlined above. I have equations for the x and y components of the tidal force. I'm assuming g_{x} is the sum of the gravitational field induced by the Earth and the gravitational field induced by the Moon. Likewise for g_{y}. Now, the gravitational field of the Earth should be about the same in either case, and thus cancel out, leaving the tidal forces to contend with.

Is this the right approach?
 
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Now, the gravitational field of the Earth should be about the same in either case, and thus cancel out, leaving the tidal forces to contend with.
Is this the right approach?
I'm not really sure what you mean here.

I don't think they cancel out because you are dealing with two integrals, so you really can't do that.

I would start imagining the mass of the Earth and the Moon concentrated in their respective centers (I think we're allowed to do that), then evaluate the attraction forces of the two masses (with the distance center-water point), and solve the integrals.
 

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