Finding velocity with energy equations

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the speed of a rock as it slides down a hemispherical bowl and determining the normal force at the bottom. The rock, with a mass of 0.20 kg, experiences a potential energy of 0.98 J at the top, leading to a calculated speed of approximately 3.1 m/s at the bottom. However, the correct speed, accounting for 0.22 J of work done by friction, is 2.8 m/s, as stated in the answer key. The normal force at the bottom is calculated to be 1.96 N, but the correct value, considering the dynamics of circular motion, is 5 N.

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  • Understanding of gravitational potential energy (U = mgh)
  • Familiarity with kinetic energy equations (K = 0.5mv^2)
  • Knowledge of work-energy principles (W = ΔK + ΔU)
  • Basic concepts of normal force in circular motion
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  • Study the effects of friction on energy conservation in mechanical systems
  • Learn about forces in circular motion and their implications on normal force calculations
  • Explore potential and kinetic energy transformations in various physical scenarios
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Homework Statement


A small rock with mass 0.20 kg is released from rest at point A, which is at the top edge of a large, hemispherical bowl with radius R=0.50 m. Assume that the size of the rock is small compared to R, so that the rock can be treated as a particle, and assume that the rock slides rather than rolls. The work done by friction on the rock when it moves from point A to point B at the bottom of the bowl has magnitude 0.22 J.

(b) What is the speed of the rock as it reaches point B?

(d) Just as the rock reaches point B, what is the normal force on it due to the bottom of the bowl?
ZH4HStM.jpg


[/B]

Homework Equations


##U_i = K_f## (I believe this is correct)
##W_{other} + W_{grav} = K_2 + K_1##
##.5mv_1^2 + mgy_1 + W_{other} = .5mv_2^2 + mgy_2##
##U_{grav} = mgh##
##K = .5mv^2##
[/B]

The Attempt at a Solution



b. The potential energy at point A should be equal to the kinetic energy at point B.
The potential energy at point A is ##U_{grav,1} = (.20)(9.81)(.5) = .98J##
So ##.98J = .5(.20)v^2 = .1v^2##

Solving for V, I end up with approximately 3.1m/s. The problem is that in the back of the book, the answer key says 2.8m/s. I'm not sure if I did something wrong or the book is wrong (It's been wrong before).

d. At the bottom, the normal force should be equal to its weight.
##W = mg = (.20)(9.81) = 1.96 N##
So the normal force is equal to 1.96 Newtons. The back of the book says 5 Newtons, so I'm wrong here as well.

Any help is appreciated, thanks!



[/B]
 
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for part b) the book is correct. What happened to the friction?
 
For part d) you need to think about the shape of the motion of the rock.
 

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