Forces between parallel currents

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SUMMARY

The discussion revolves around the interaction between two parallel electron beams carrying current I, moving with velocities v and -v in an evacuated chamber. The beams are influenced by a magnetic flux density B, which allows them to maintain parallel paths a distance d apart. The key equation derived for the magnetic force between the currents is F = -(μ0*I^2*l)/2πd. The ratio of the magnetic to electric force on the beams is established as f = vε0μ0, emphasizing the relationship between these forces in the context of moving charges.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electromagnetic theory, specifically the interaction of currents.
  • Familiarity with Coulomb's law and electric fields generated by line charges.
  • Knowledge of magnetic flux density and its role in force interactions.
  • Basic principles of electron dynamics in physics.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the electric field from a finite line of charge.
  • Explore the implications of the Lorentz force law on moving charges.
  • Investigate the relationship between magnetic fields and electric currents in depth.
  • Learn about the applications of parallel current interactions in advanced electromagnetism.
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Physics students, electrical engineers, and anyone interested in the principles of electromagnetism and the behavior of charged particles in magnetic fields.

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Homework Statement



Two narrow beams of electrons with velocities v and -v are injected into an evacuated chamber along the length l. Each beam moves with constant speed and carries a current I. The tendency for the beams to deflect each other through their mutual interaction is compensated by a magnetic flux density B perpendicular to the plane containing the two electron beams so that they travel in parallel straight lines a distance d apart (d << l). Show that the ratio f of the magnetic to the electric force on each of the beams due to their mutual interaction is vε0μ0

Homework Equations



For two parallel currents I1 and I2 the force on a length l of I2 is:

F= (μ0*I1*I2*l)/2πd

The Attempt at a Solution



Using the above equation and substituting I1 = I and I2 = -I:

F= -(μ0*I^2*l)/2πd

I don't know what to do now, what is the electric force?

All I know is Coloumb's law but I thought that only applied to static charges?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
Coloumb's law applies to all charges, stationary or not. However, in this case you need to consider the electric field of a finite line of charge. Have you met this before?
 

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