Is Free Fall Acceleration Constant Until An Object Hits the Ground?

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SUMMARY

Free fall acceleration is generally considered constant at -9.8 m/s² when neglecting air resistance, which is a common assumption in introductory physics problems. However, this simplification does not account for the effects of air resistance, which can significantly alter the motion of falling objects. The gravitational force remains constant near the Earth's surface, but the actual acceleration experienced by an object can decrease due to air resistance, leading to phenomena such as terminal velocity. Therefore, in practical scenarios, the assumption of constant acceleration is valid only in a vacuum.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with basic kinematic equations (e.g., V = U + at)
  • Knowledge of gravitational force and its approximation near Earth's surface
  • Concept of air resistance and its impact on falling objects
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the concept of terminal velocity and its implications in free fall scenarios
  • Explore the effects of air resistance on different shapes and sizes of falling objects
  • Study advanced kinematic equations that include air resistance factors
  • Investigate real-world applications of free fall physics in various fields such as engineering and aerodynamics
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, educators teaching introductory mechanics, and anyone interested in the principles of motion and forces acting on falling objects.

Jynku
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Homework Statement
As a body falls through air starting from rest, its acceleration gets smaller and smaller, eventually approaching zero. Why?
Relevant Equations
free fall acceleration is -9.8m/s^2.
Shouldn't free fall acceleration be constant at -9.8m/s^2 until the object hits the ground and turns zero?
 
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:welcome:

Do you know anything about air resistance?
 
Does this mean in intro physics, when applying linear equation (V = U + at, for instance) on questions like "An object drops from a height of 45m. Find the time it takes for it to reach the ground." It's not taking air resistance into account?
 
Jynku said:
Does this mean in intro physics, when applying linear equation (V = U + at, for instance) on questions like "An object drops from a height of 45m. Find the time it takes for it to reach the ground." It's not taking air resistance into account?
That's correct. There's no air resistance in that equation.
 
Jynku said:
Shouldn't free fall acceleration be constant at -9.8m/s^2 until the object hits the ground and turns zero?
It's not the acceleration that is constant, it's the gravitational force. (And that's only a reasonable approximation when you are close to Earth.)

And the force is still there when you hit the ground.
 
Jynku said:
Does this mean in intro physics, when applying linear equation (V = U + at, for instance) on questions like "An object drops from a height of 45m. Find the time it takes for it to reach the ground." It's not taking air resistance into account?
It is assumed that there is vacuum around the falling object.
Please, see:
https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/termv.html

:)
 
Thanks so much, makes perfect sense!
 
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PeroK said:
:welcome:

Do you know anything about air resistance?
I don’t think there is any serious decrease in gravitational acceleration. We can take it as constant .
 
rudransh verma said:
I don’t think there is any serious decrease in gravitational acceleration. We can take it as constant .
The acceleration is most certainly reduced by air resistance, which is surely the point of the question. Look up "terminal velocity".
 

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