Function of distance between a point and vector in 3D

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the distance between a point on line p and line q in 3D space, specifically using the parametric equations of the lines. The lines are defined as p: \(\vec{r}(t) = (4,7,4) + t(2,2,-8)\) and q: \(z = 3, x = 7 - y\). The goal is to derive a function \(f(x)\) that represents the squared distance from a point on line p to line q, and to find the minimum value \(m\) of this function, which corresponds to the shortest distance. The use of tools like Maple is suggested for simplifying calculations.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of parametric equations in 3D space
  • Knowledge of vector operations and distance formulas
  • Familiarity with optimization techniques in calculus
  • Basic proficiency in using Maple for mathematical computations
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  • Learn how to derive parametric equations from vector equations
  • Study the method for minimizing functions using calculus
  • Explore the use of Maple for solving geometric problems
  • Investigate the geometric interpretation of distance between lines in 3D
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Students studying vector calculus, mathematicians interested in geometric interpretations, and anyone looking to optimize distance calculations in 3D space.

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Homework Statement



Two lines are given p: [tex]\stackrel{\rightarrow}{r}[/tex](t) = (4,7,4) + t(2,2,-8) and q: z = 3, x = 7 -y (second one is given in parametric form).

Questions:
a)
find a function f(x) which has a value in x that equals a distance from a point [tex]\stackrel{\rightarrow}{r}[/tex](x) (which lies on the first line, e.g. p) to line q squared (squared refers to the whole function).

b)
find minimum m of function f(x) and analyze the meaning of [tex]\sqrt{m}[/tex]

Homework Equations


An equation for a distance between a vector and point

d = [PLAIN]http://www.shrani.si/f/z/nX/128JEovx/distance.jpg

e = direction vector of p
r[tex]_{0}[/tex] = position vector of p
r[tex]_{1}[/tex] = vector from point to one of the points defining a line

Equations for converting from vector to parametric form, which are really simple and I won't be writing here.



The Attempt at a Solution



Now I only have basic knowledge about vectors only and I was learning them some time ago. I can guess this assignment is pretty simple but because we haven't done any similar cases at the course, I don't really know where to begin.

Any hint would be greatly appreciated.
 
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  1. rewrite the other one to a param. equation (with a variable t') as well
  2. compute the distance D = || point on line 1 - point on line 2 ||
  3. We want to know for which t and t' the distance D is minimal
  4. To make it easy this is the same as looking at how D2 is minimal
  5. now you found your t and t' you can compute (by the param. eqn.) the two points
  6. compute the distance between the two points

Use Maple if this is a lot of work
 
Last edited:

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