Functional Derivatives in Q.F.T.

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the functional derivative of the generating functional Z(J) in Quantum Field Theory (Q.F.T.), specifically Z(J) = e^{\frac{i}{2} \int \mathrm{d}^4y \int \mathrm{d}^4x J(y) G_F (x-y) J(x)} with respect to J(x). The correct result is given as \frac{\delta Z(J)}{\delta J(x)} = -i \int \mathrm{d}^4y J(y) G(x-y). The method for finding functional derivatives involves substituting J(x) with J(x) + sf(x), differentiating with respect to s, and then applying the limit as f(x) approaches the Dirac delta function.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Quantum Field Theory (Q.F.T.)
  • Familiarity with functional derivatives
  • Knowledge of Dirac delta functions
  • Experience with generating functionals in physics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of functional derivatives in Quantum Field Theory
  • Learn about the role of Green's functions in Q.F.T.
  • Explore the derivation and applications of the Dirac delta function
  • Investigate advanced techniques in calculating functional integrals
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for theoretical physicists, graduate students in physics, and researchers focusing on Quantum Field Theory and functional analysis.

QFT1995
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I'm can't seem to figure out how to functionally differentiate a functional such as Z(J)= e^{\frac{i}{2} \int \mathrm{d}^4y \int \mathrm{d}^4x J(y) G_F (x-y) J(x)}
with respect to J(x). I know the answer is
\frac{\delta Z(J)}{\delta J(x)}= -i \int \mathrm{d}^4y J(y) G(x-y)
but I'm struggling to calculate it.
 
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The general recipe for calculating functional derivatives is:

Change each occurrence of ##J(x)## for some ##x## to ##J(x)+sf(x)## with a test function ##f(x)##, then differentiate with respect to ##s##, set ##s=0## in the result, and take the limit where ##f(x)## tends to the Dirac delta function.
 

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