Gravitational Potential Energy Calculation for Satellite in Orbit

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the gravitational potential energy gain of a 200 kg satellite when transitioning from Earth's surface to an orbit at a height of 1.2 x 10^6 m. The gravitational potential energy is calculated using the formula E = -GMm/r, where G is the gravitational constant, M is the Earth's mass (assumed to be 6 x 10^24 kg), and r is the distance from the Earth's center. The initial calculations yielded a potential energy difference of 1.9 x 10^9 J, while the expected answer was 1.7 x 10^6 J, indicating a potential error in the calculations or assumptions made regarding the values used.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational potential energy concepts
  • Familiarity with the formula E = -GMm/r
  • Basic knowledge of the gravitational constant (G)
  • Ability to perform calculations involving large numbers and scientific notation
NEXT STEPS
  • Review the derivation of gravitational potential energy formulas
  • Study the implications of using different values for Earth's mass in calculations
  • Learn about the significance of height in gravitational potential energy calculations
  • Explore common mistakes in gravitational potential energy calculations and how to avoid them
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, aerospace engineers, and anyone involved in satellite technology or gravitational physics will benefit from this discussion.

Harmony
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Question:
Calculate the gain of gravitational potential energy of a satelite of mass 200kg between launching and when it is in orbit at a height of 1.2 * 10^6m
above the Earth's surface. (R=6.4*10^6)

I approach this question using the equation V=-GM/r . Since the mass of Earth is not given here, I assume it is 6*10^24.

So, I calculate the gravitational potential at the Earth's surface and at 1.2*10^6 m and find the difference. I get the answer of 1.9*10^9.

But the actual answer is 1.7*10^6.
 
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The gravitational potential is defined as V = \frac{GM}{r}, while the gravitational potential energy is defined as E = \frac{GMm}{r}. Although, you must have made a mistake in putting the numbers in aswell.
 
I get the same answer as you with the formula
V=-\frac{GMm}{r}
maybe the given answer is incorrect.
 

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