Help with conservation of kinetic energy and momentum

In summary, the conversation discusses a homework problem involving an elastic collision between an alpha particle and a 197Au nucleus. The equations for conservation of momentum and kinetic energy are used to find the final velocities of both particles. However, the values obtained do not seem to result in a solution.
  • #1
skyze
1
0

Homework Statement



Alpha particle mass - 4amu
velocity alpha particle - 3.0x10^5m/s

197Au Nucleus mass - 197amu

Head-on elastic collision. Find the final velocity of both the particles

Homework Equations



Kinetic Energy conserved:
1/2m1v1i = 1/2m1v1f + 1/2m2v2f

Momentum Conserved:

m1v1i = m1v1f + m2v2f

The Attempt at a Solution




For Momentum:

4 x (3 x 10^5) = 4V1f + 197v2f
3 x 10^5 = V1f + 49.25v2f
V1f = 3 x 10^5 - 49.25v2f


For Kinetic Energy

4 x (3.0 x 10^5)2 = 4V1f2 + 197v2f2
3.6 x 1011 = 4V1f + 197v2f
9 x 1010 = V1f + 49.25v2f

Subbing in one for the other


9x 1010 = (300,000 - 49.25v2f)2 + 49.25v2f


The v2f and V1f values I get doesn't work out



Thanks in advance for your help.
 
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  • #2
skyze said:

The Attempt at a Solution

For Momentum:

4 x (3 x 10^5) = 4V1f + 197v2f
3 x 10^5 = V1f + 49.25v2f
V1f = 3 x 10^5 - 49.25v2fFor Kinetic Energy

4 x (3.0 x 10^5)2 = 4V1f2 + 197v2f2
3.6 x 1011 = 4V1f + 197v2f
9 x 1010 = V1f + 49.25v2f

Subbing in one for the other 9x 1010 = (300,000 - 49.25v2f)2 + 49.25v2f
That last v2f is really v2f2, right?

The v2f and V1f values I get doesn't work out
What values do you get? It looks like the right approach.

p.s. Welcome to Physics Forums!
 

1. How can we conserve kinetic energy and momentum?

Kinetic energy and momentum can be conserved by following the law of conservation of energy and momentum. This means that the total kinetic energy and momentum of a system before and after a collision or interaction must be the same.

2. What is the relationship between kinetic energy and momentum?

Kinetic energy and momentum are directly proportional to each other. This means that an increase in one will result in an increase in the other, and a decrease in one will result in a decrease in the other. This relationship is described by the equation KE = 1/2mv^2 = p^2/2m, where KE is kinetic energy, m is mass, v is velocity, and p is momentum.

3. How does friction affect the conservation of kinetic energy and momentum?

Friction is a force that opposes motion and can cause a decrease in the kinetic energy and momentum of a system. This is because friction converts some of the kinetic energy into heat, sound, or other forms of energy. However, as long as the external forces on a system are balanced, the total kinetic energy and momentum will still be conserved.

4. Can kinetic energy be converted into potential energy?

Yes, kinetic energy can be converted into potential energy and vice versa. This is demonstrated by the concept of mechanical energy, which is the sum of kinetic and potential energy in a system. For example, when a ball is thrown upwards, its kinetic energy decreases as it gains height and potential energy, and vice versa when it falls back down.

5. How does the conservation of kinetic energy and momentum apply to real-life situations?

The conservation of kinetic energy and momentum is applicable in many real-life situations, such as collisions between objects, interactions between particles, and in the movement of celestial bodies. It is an important principle in understanding and predicting the behavior of physical systems and is widely used in engineering and physics applications.

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