How Do Finite and Infinite Sample Autocovariance Calculations Differ?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the differences between finite and infinite sample autocovariance calculations, specifically the definitions of $\hat{r}(k)$ and $\tilde{r}(k)$ for finite samples and $r(k)$ for infinite samples. The finite sample autocovariance is defined using two formulas: $\hat{r}(k)$, which normalizes by $(N-k)$, and $\tilde{r}(k)$, which normalizes by $N$. The expectation of these finite sample autocovariances relates to the infinite sample autocovariance, with $E\{\tilde{r}(k)\} = r(k)$ and $E\{\hat{r}(k)\} = \frac{N - |k|}{N} r(k)$. The discussion seeks to clarify the proof of these relationships.

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thedean515
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We have two definitions for the autocovariance of finite samples $y\left(t\right)$and
it is given as
[tex] \begin{equation}<br /> \hat{r}\left(k\right)=\frac{1}{N-k}\sum_{t=K+1}^{N}y\left(t\right)y^{*}\left(t-k\right),\qquad0\le k\le N-1\end{equation}[/tex]
and
[tex] \begin{equation}<br /> \tilde{r}\left(k\right)=\frac{1}{N}\sum_{t=K+1}^{N}y\left(t\right)y^{*}\left(t-k\right),\qquad0\le k\le N-1\end{equation}[/tex]

In addition we know that the autocovariance sequence for infinite
samples is
[tex] \begin{equation}<br /> r\left(k\right)=E\left\{ y\left(t\right)y^{*}\left(t-k\right)\right\} \end{equation}[/tex]
where [tex]E\left\{ \cdot\right\}[/tex]is the expectation operator which
averages over the ensemble of realizations. Now I have been told that
[tex]\begin{equation}<br /> E\left\{ \tilde{r}\left(k\right)\right\} =r\left(k\right)\end{equation}[/tex]
and
[tex] \begin{equation}<br /> E\left\{ \hat{r}\left(k\right)\right\} =\frac{N-\left|k\right|}{N}r\left(k\right)\end{equation}[/tex]
but they would be the other way round, can we proof it?
 
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