How Do You Calculate the Equilibrium Constant from Free Energy of Formation?

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SUMMARY

The equilibrium constant for the reaction 2NH3(g) --> N2(g) + 3H2(g) at 298 K is calculated using the standard molar free energy of formation of NH3(g), which is –16.45 kJ·mol–1. The correct equilibrium constant, K, is determined to be 1.71E-6. The calculation involves converting the free energy from kJ to J and applying the equation ΔG = -RTlnK, where R is 8.3145 J/(mol·K) and T is 298 K. A common error in the calculation was identified as incorrectly using the anti-log function instead of the exponential function.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of thermodynamics, specifically free energy concepts
  • Familiarity with the equation ΔG = -RTlnK
  • Knowledge of unit conversions from kJ to J
  • Basic calculator functions, including exponential and logarithmic operations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the relationship between free energy and equilibrium constants in chemical reactions
  • Learn about the implications of standard molar free energy of formation in thermodynamics
  • Explore advanced applications of the Gibbs free energy equation in reaction spontaneity
  • Review common pitfalls in using calculators for thermodynamic equations
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Chemistry students, educators, and professionals involved in thermodynamics and chemical equilibrium calculations.

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[SOLVED] free energy of formation

Homework Statement



Consider the reaction
2NH3(g) --> N2(g) + 3H2(g)
If the standard molar free energy of formation of NH3(g) at 298 K is –16.45 kJ·mol–1, calculate the equilibrium constant for this reaction at 298 K.
The correct answer is 1.71E-6

Homework Equations


DG= - RTlnK


The Attempt at a Solution


so, if the equation is for two moles NH3(g) then one would multiply the given DG (-16.45) by 2. Also, I converted from KJ to J giving me -32900. The equation given is for the reverse process of formation, so, do I reverse the sign of DG? I tried it both ways and got the wrong answer. In fact, I get huge numbers compared to the correct answer.
I used 8.3145 for R and 298 for T.
 
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Hey,

Seems your right on track. Not sure what happened to your calculation if you tried reversing the free energy.

dG= 2*-16450 j/mol
= 32900 j/mol(reversed)

32900 j/mol = -8.314*298K * ln K
K=1.71e^-6
 
haha I was pressing the anti log on my calculator by accident instead of e^x. Thank you for your help. You know youve been studying to long when...
 

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