How Do You Calculate the Force on a Junction Point in a Two-Spring System?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the force on a junction point in a two-spring system, where both springs have a spring constant k and are stretched by a distance L. The potential energy of the system is expressed in terms of k, x, y, and L. The correct force vector at the junction point is determined to be F = -2kLi - 2kyj, indicating that both x and y components are dependent on L, contrary to initial assumptions. The discussion highlights the importance of accurately accounting for the direction of forces and their dependence on the spring's stretch.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Hooke's Law and spring constants
  • Knowledge of vector components and unit vectors
  • Familiarity with potential energy in mechanical systems
  • Basic trigonometry for calculating angles in force components
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  • Study the derivation of potential energy in spring systems
  • Learn about vector addition and decomposition in physics
  • Explore the implications of spring constants in multi-spring systems
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Students studying physics, particularly those focusing on mechanics and spring systems, as well as educators seeking to clarify concepts related to forces in multi-spring configurations.

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Homework Statement

The ends of two identical springs are connected. Their unstretched lengths l are negligibly small and each has spring constant k. After being connected, both springs are stretched an amount L and their free ends are anchored at y=0 and x= (plus minus)L as shown (Intro 1 figure) . The point where the springs are connected to each other is now pulled to the position (x,y). Assume that (x,y) lies in the first quadrant.

a) What is the potential energy of the two-spring system after the point of connection has been moved to position (x,y)? Keep in mind that the unstretched length of each spring l is much less than L and can be ignored.
Express the potential in terms of k, x, y, and L.

b) Find the force F on the junction point, the point where the two springs are attached to each other.
Express F as a vector in terms of the unit vectors x and y.



The attempt at a solution

I can only solve part one.

For second part,

my force for the string on the left (lets say force1) = kx1(cos angle1)i + kx1(sin angle1)j and
my force for the string on the right (lets say force2) = kx2(cos angle2)i + kx2(sin angle2)j

then i sub in the cos angles and sin angles,

my total force is 2kLi + 2kyj

fyi: my i and j are the unit vectors.

but the answer is wrong. it is independent of L..


Can help me pls?? Thank you!
 

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I agree with your force expressions with cos and sin except that the x component in force 1 should be negative. And both y components should be negative.
F = -2kLi - 2kyj
Note that the x component has an L in it, so it is not independent of L.
 

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