How Do You Solve This Complex Indefinite Integral?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on evaluating the complex indefinite integral \(\int \frac{2x^3-1}{x+x^4}dx\). Participants explore various approaches, including partial fraction decomposition and substitution techniques. Key insights include transforming the integral using \(t=\log{x}\) and recognizing the structure of the integrand for simplification. The final decomposition is expressed as \(\frac{2x-1}{x^2-x+1}-\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x+1}\), which aids in further evaluation.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of indefinite integrals and integration techniques
  • Familiarity with partial fraction decomposition
  • Knowledge of logarithmic substitution in integrals
  • Experience with integrals involving exponential functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the method of partial fraction decomposition in detail
  • Learn about logarithmic substitution in integral calculus
  • Explore integrals of the form \(\int \frac{1}{x^p+x}dx\)
  • Investigate techniques for simplifying complex rational functions in integrals
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Mathematics students, calculus instructors, and anyone interested in advanced integration techniques and problem-solving strategies in integral calculus.

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This is the integral I am trying to evaluate. I would very much appreciate any help. \[\int \frac{2x^3-1}{x+x^4}dx\]
MY APPROACH:
\[\int \frac{2x^3-1}{x+x^4}dx\]
\[\int \frac{1}{2}.(\frac{4x^3+1}{x^4+x}-\frac{3}{x^4+x})dx\]
\[\frac{1}{2}\log{x+x^4}-\frac{1}{2}\int \frac{3}{x^4+x})dx\]
now we have to find,
\[\int \frac{3}{x^4+x}dx\]
let,
\[t=\log{x}\]
\[dt=\frac{dx}{x}\]
\[\int \frac{3}{x^4+x}dx=\int \frac{3}{1+e^{3t}}dt\]
i am stuck at this point:confused:
 
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Re: an indefinite integral

okay wait i think i got it
$$\int \frac{1}{1+e^{3t}}dt$$
$$\int \frac{1+e^{3t}}{1+e^{3t}}dt-\int \frac{e^{3t}}{1+e^{3t}}dt$$
$$t-\frac{log{1+e^{3t}}}{3}$$
sorry for trouble,(Tmi)
 
Re: an indefinite integral

The partial fraction decomposition of the integrand is:

$$\frac{2x-1}{x^2-x+1}-\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x+1}$$
 
Re: an indefinite integral

MarkFL said:
The partial fraction decomposition of the integrand is:

$$\frac{2x-1}{x^2-x+1}-\frac{1}{x}+\frac{1}{x+1}$$

may be this is the real thought behind he question as it was asked in a competition
 
Re: an indefinite integral

Integrals of the form $$\int \frac {1}{x^p+x}dx$$ by taking $ x^p , p> 0$ as a coomon factor so we get $$\int \frac {\frac {1}{x^p}}{1 + \frac {1}{x^{p-1}}} dx$$ . Now it is easy to use a substitution or realize the numerator is the derivative of the denominator after multiplying by a constant .
 
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