How does an object start to move in a circlular path?

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In summary: It is possible to have an object at rest and then apply a force to cause it to move in a circular path. This is known as centripetal force and it acts towards the center of the circle. The object needs to have both a forward velocity and a sideways force to drive it around the bend. This force must have a component in the direction of motion, otherwise the object will not accelerate. Centripetal force does not have such a component, so it cannot be used to cause a change in speed. The most common way to cause an object at rest to move in a circular path is by giving it the right velocity at the right distance from the center. For example, in a car, turning the steering wheel and pressing on
  • #1
safwan.hossain
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So, if an object is moving in a circular path, it has a force constantly directed to the center acting on it, and this force is perpendicular to the velocity. However, imagine now that it's not moving. How can one get this object to move in a circular pathway using centripetal force? Does the object need to have some initial velocity that the centripetal force needs to act on? Basically, how can one cause an object at rest to move about in a circular path?

Thanks
 
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  • #2
There are infinitely many ways to do that, but the important thing is that the object must be given the right velocity at the right distance from the center.
 
  • #3
safwan.hossain said:
How can one cause an object at rest to move about in a circular path?
To produce any change in speed, there needs to be a component of force (acceleration) in the direction of the path of the object (which would not be a centripetal force or acceleration).
 
  • #4
It needs both a forward velocity and a sideways force to drive it around the (continuous) bend.
 
  • #5
"Start to move" implies an acceleration. Requires a force with a component in the direction of motion. Does centripetal force/acceleration have such a component? No, it's at right angles to motion. If it did then objects moving in a circle would get faster and faster.
 
  • #6
safwan.hossain said:
So, if an object is moving in a circular path, it has a force constantly directed to the center acting on it, and this force is perpendicular to the velocity. However, imagine now that it's not moving. How can one get this object to move in a circular pathway using centripetal force? Does the object need to have some initial velocity that the centripetal force needs to act on? Basically, how can one cause an object at rest to move about in a circular path?

Thanks

Homework Statement



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The Attempt at a Solution



A simple example:

Sit in a car in a large, open, flat area.
Turn the steering wheel slightly off centre.
Start the engine.
Engage drive.
Release the brake and note what happens.

If that is all too slow, press slightly on the accelerator pedal.
 

1. What is centripetal force?

Centripetal force is the force that causes an object to move in a circular path. It is directed towards the center of the circle and is necessary to keep the object in motion.

2. How is centripetal force different from centrifugal force?

Centrifugal force is often thought of as the opposite of centripetal force, but it is actually a fictitious force that appears to push an object outward as it moves in a circular path. Centrifugal force is a result of the object's inertia.

3. What is the role of velocity in circular motion?

Velocity is an important factor in circular motion as it determines the speed of the object moving in a circle. The direction of velocity is always tangent to the circle, meaning it is perpendicular to the radius of the circle at that point.

4. How does the radius of the circle affect the motion of an object?

The radius of the circle affects the motion of an object by determining the acceleration it experiences. The smaller the radius, the greater the centripetal force needed to keep the object in motion at a constant speed.

5. Can an object move in a circular path without a force acting on it?

No, according to Newton's First Law of Motion, an object will continue to move in a straight line at a constant speed unless acted upon by a net force. In circular motion, the centripetal force is necessary to keep the object moving in a curved path.

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