How Does Electron Flow Correspond to Electric Field Direction in Circuits?

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The discussion centers on the confusion surrounding the movement of electrons in relation to electric fields in circuits. It clarifies that while positive charges move from high to low potential (positive to negative terminal), electrons, being negatively charged, move from the negative terminal to the positive terminal, which aligns with the electric field direction. This movement does not require work against the electric field, as electrons naturally flow with the field lines. The analogy of potential energy is maintained, but it is important to remember that electrons behave oppositely to positive test charges. Ultimately, understanding this distinction is crucial for grasping electric current behavior in circuits.
tripleA
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Homework Statement


Sorry if this is not a good fit for this sub-forum but i couldn't find anywhere else to post it. In the physics tutorial
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/circuits/topic on current electricty it defines the positive terminal as the high potential terminal and the negative as the low potential. When talking about positive test charges this analogy makes sense, the charge moves from the +ve to the -ve where it loses potential till it has to be "topped" up by the cell.

What confuses me when they begin talking electrons. Using this analogy would mean that the electrons move from the -ve to the +ve but this means work would have to be used to move against the electric field so the potential energy increases till it reaches +ve terminal.

My question is how does this analogy,if it does, change to accommodate electrons? Does the electric field reverse so the -ve terminal is the high potential and the +ve the low potential?

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution

 
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Electrons moving from -ve to +ve are not moving against the field. They are negatively charged and so are moving with the field.
 
I thought the electric field was from the +ve to the -ve
 
It is.
 
Im sorry if iv'e misunderstood. Are you saying that work is not used to move electrons from the negative terminal to the positive terminal when the electric field is acting from the positive terminal to the negative terminal?
 
Electrons are negatively charged and so move against electric field lines naturally. It's the opposite of the positive test charge.
 
The book claims the answer is that all the magnitudes are the same because "the gravitational force on the penguin is the same". I'm having trouble understanding this. I thought the buoyant force was equal to the weight of the fluid displaced. Weight depends on mass which depends on density. Therefore, due to the differing densities the buoyant force will be different in each case? Is this incorrect?

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