How Does Electron Flow Correspond to Electric Field Direction in Circuits?

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between electron flow and electric field direction in circuits. It clarifies that while conventional current flow is defined from the positive terminal to the negative terminal, electrons, being negatively charged, flow from the negative terminal to the positive terminal. This movement is in accordance with the electric field direction, which is established from positive to negative. Therefore, electrons do not move against the electric field; they naturally follow the field lines, which leads to a common misconception regarding potential energy and work done in circuits.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of electric fields and potentials
  • Familiarity with charge types (positive and negative)
  • Basic knowledge of circuit components (e.g., batteries, terminals)
  • Concept of conventional current vs. electron flow
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the concept of electric field lines and their directionality
  • Explore the differences between conventional current and electron flow
  • Learn about potential energy in electric circuits
  • Investigate how different charge types affect circuit behavior
USEFUL FOR

Students of physics, electrical engineering students, educators teaching circuit theory, and anyone interested in understanding the fundamentals of electricity and electron behavior in circuits.

tripleA
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Homework Statement


Sorry if this is not a good fit for this sub-forum but i couldn't find anywhere else to post it. In the physics tutorial
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/Class/circuits/topic on current electricty it defines the positive terminal as the high potential terminal and the negative as the low potential. When talking about positive test charges this analogy makes sense, the charge moves from the +ve to the -ve where it loses potential till it has to be "topped" up by the cell.

What confuses me when they begin talking electrons. Using this analogy would mean that the electrons move from the -ve to the +ve but this means work would have to be used to move against the electric field so the potential energy increases till it reaches +ve terminal.

My question is how does this analogy,if it does, change to accommodate electrons? Does the electric field reverse so the -ve terminal is the high potential and the +ve the low potential?

Homework Equations


The Attempt at a Solution

 
Last edited:
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Electrons moving from -ve to +ve are not moving against the field. They are negatively charged and so are moving with the field.
 
I thought the electric field was from the +ve to the -ve
 
It is.
 
Im sorry if iv'e misunderstood. Are you saying that work is not used to move electrons from the negative terminal to the positive terminal when the electric field is acting from the positive terminal to the negative terminal?
 
Electrons are negatively charged and so move against electric field lines naturally. It's the opposite of the positive test charge.
 

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