How does electron spin create a magnetic dipole moment?

[hafsa]

hi I am student of graduate and want to clear the picture of MAGNETIC MOMENT of electron in my mind.can someone tell me that if an electron is moving in its orbit constituting its intrinsic spin(1/2) ho can it forms dipole moment(to poles) when place in magnetic field?and what is the difference between magnetic dipole moment of electron and magnetic dipole moment of nucleus?how can we separate these two as atom contains both?

 

[alxm]

hi I am student of graduate and want to clear the picture of MAGNETIC MOMENT of electron in my mind.can someone tell me that if an electron is moving in its orbit constituting its intrinsic spin(1/2) ho can it forms dipole moment(to poles) when place in magnetic field?

Well, it's got a charge, and it's 'rotating'. We know spin isn't actually the particle rotating on its own axis, but in many contexts, it acts as if it did. This is one of those contexts.

and what is the difference between magnetic dipole moment of electron and magnetic dipole moment of nucleus?

Well, they have different magnitudes. And some nuclei have zero total spin and thus no magnetic moment.

how can we separate these two as atom contains both?

You can't. There is a nucleus-electron magnetic coupling. (if the nucleus has spin). It's just not significant in most cases.

 

[Meir Achuz]

The electron spin and its magnetic moment are relativistic QM effects that do not mean the electron is rotating. The magnetic dipole of a nucleus is about 2,000 times smaller than that of an electron. The magnetic momment of a nucleus is the vector sum of the magnetic moments of its nucleons and their orbital magnetic moments. The nuclear magnetic moment can be inferred from the hyperfine splitting which comes from the magnetic dipole-dipole interaction between the nuclear moment and the electron moment (spin and orbital).

 

[Bob S]

The proton nuclear magnetic moment is discussed in
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_magnetic_moment
and the electron magnetic moment is discussed in
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magnetic_moment
These two magnetic moments can interact, giving rise to the 21-cm (1420 MHz) hyperfine structure line in (interstellar) hydrogen.