How Does Hydrogen Act as a Proton Donor in Bronsted-Lowry Theory?

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SUMMARY

The discussion clarifies the Bronsted-Lowry theory, specifically how hydrogen acts as a proton donor. In this context, hydrochloric acid (HCl) dissociates in water to donate a proton (H+) to water, forming Cl- and H3O+. The confusion arises from the understanding that hydrogen, when it loses its electron, becomes a proton (H+), which is the essence of its role in acid-base reactions. Thus, HCl is identified as the proton donor in this reaction.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theory
  • Knowledge of chemical equations and dissociation reactions
  • Familiarity with the periodic table, specifically hydrogen's atomic structure
  • Basic concepts of ions, particularly protons and electrons
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the dissociation of other acids, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4), in aqueous solutions
  • Learn about the role of conjugate acids and bases in Bronsted-Lowry theory
  • Explore the concept of pH and its relationship to proton concentration in solutions
  • Investigate the differences between Lewis and Bronsted-Lowry acid-base theories
USEFUL FOR

Chemistry students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding acid-base reactions and the fundamental principles of the Bronsted-Lowry theory.

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[SOLVED] Bronsted Lowry Proton Theory

Homework Statement



Bronsted Lowry Proton Theory
Acid is a proton H+ donor

Homework Equations



In my book. HCL + HOH ----> HOH + Cl My book says the HCL donates a proton.

The Attempt at a Solution


What I really do not get about this is that Hydrogen atom only has one proton, based on the periodic chart. If hydrogen gives up one proton, then it would seem that the atom would be only a Neutron and not be an atom at all. Ugh, I just don't get it. Am I seeing this all wrong? Is the Hydrogen in fact losing its only proton?
 
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The way I see it,the whole acid molecule is proton donor i.e. H+ donor, so HCl splits up as H+ and Cl-, donates the H+, and hence acts as an acid. So I don't understand what you mean by saying that hydrogen donates a proton.
 
The hydrogen does not donate a proton; the HCl (hydrochloric acid) donates a proton. The hydrogen ion IS the proton.
 
Oh I see, the hydrogen is the proton because it has no electron. Ok thanks for the help:)
 

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