How Does Scattering Angle Affect Light Polarization?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the relationship between scattering angle and light polarization in the context of Thomson scattering. The degree of polarization, denoted as \(\Pi\), is defined by the formula \(\Pi = \frac{1 - \cos^2 \theta}{1 + \cos^2 \theta}\). The participants confirm that Malus' law applies, where intensity is proportional to the cosine squared of the angle. The correct interpretation of intensity and amplitude relationships leads to the established formula for polarization.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Thomson scattering principles
  • Familiarity with Malus' law in optics
  • Knowledge of intensity and amplitude relationships in wave physics
  • Basic trigonometry, particularly cosine functions
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of Thomson scattering and its implications for light polarization
  • Explore advanced applications of Malus' law in different scattering scenarios
  • Investigate the effects of varying angles on polarization in other contexts, such as Rayleigh scattering
  • Learn about the mathematical modeling of light behavior in various media
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Physics students, optical engineers, and researchers interested in light behavior and polarization phenomena.

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Homework Statement


A beam of unpolarized radiation is incident upon an electron. Show that the degree of polarization in the light scattered at an angle \theta to the incident beam is \Pi where

\Pi = \frac{1- \cos^2\theta}{1+ \cos^2 \theta}.


2. The attempt at a solution
This is a Thomson scattering and the polarization is linear so I guess Malus' law must be used, i.e.

I = I_0 \cos^2 \theta.

I'm interpreting the degree of polarization as

\Pi = \frac{I_{max} - I_{min}}{I_{max} + I_{min}}

but I cannot get the correct result.
 
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Is it correct that the intensity is related to the amplitude as I \propto A^2 and the incoming amplitude is related to the scattered amplitude as A' = A \cos \theta so that the scattered intensity is I_s = A^2 \cos^2 \theta and the degree of polarization becomes
\Pi = \frac{I - I_s}{I + I_s} =\frac{A^2 (1 - \cos^2 \theta)}{A^2 (1 + \cos^2 \theta)} = \frac{1 - \cos^2 \theta}{1 + \cos^2 \theta}?
 

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