How Does Time Dilation Impact the Calculated Age of the Universe?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the calculation of the age of the universe, estimated to be approximately 13.7 billion years, and the potential implications of time dilation on this measurement. Participants explore the effects of time dilation in the context of an expanding and accelerating universe, as well as the implications for electromagnetic radiation traveling through it.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Ravi questions whether the time dilation effect has been considered in calculating the universe's age, suggesting that the actual age might be greater than 13.7 billion years due to the nature of electromagnetic radiation in an expanding universe.
  • One participant clarifies that 13.7 billion years is the FLRW time coordinate and represents the time experienced by an object at constant spatial coordinates, noting that moving objects would experience less time.
  • Another participant agrees with the idea of stationary galaxies but raises the question of how time for a ray of light, originating from the Big Bang and traveling through an accelerating universe, might differ from that of stationary galaxies.
  • A later reply challenges the notion of defining time for massless particles like photons, suggesting that the most meaningful definition of their time could be considered as 0.
  • One participant defends the robustness of the 13.7 billion years estimate, indicating it has been derived from multiple independent sources and asks for specific objections to this value.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the implications of time dilation for the age of the universe, with some supporting the established estimate of 13.7 billion years while others question its validity in light of time dilation effects. The discussion remains unresolved regarding the impact of these effects on the calculated age.

Contextual Notes

There are limitations in defining time for massless particles and the assumptions underlying the FLRW coordinates that are not fully explored in the discussion.

ravisastry
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Hi All,

how is the age of universe calculated ? i read a few articles/wiki etc and its estimated to be roughly 13.7 billion yrs old. Have we considered the time dilation effect here ? cause we are measuring the electro magnetic radiation traveling in an expanding universe and in an accelerating environment, time runs slow. Hence the actual age of universe should be greater than 13.7 ??

Thanks,
Ravi
 
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13.7 billion years is the value of the FLRW time coordinate here and now. It's also the time experienced by an object that's been at constant spatial coordinates for the entire age of the universe. Any object that's been moving relative to such a "stationary" object will have experienced a shorter time.

So what objects are "stationary" in FLRW coordinates? The answer may surprise you. All the galaxies are approximately stationary in these coordinates.
 
thanks for the explanation and it seems logical that all the galaxies are "stationary" as the whole of universe is expanding uniformly. but, a ray of light(or any EMR) which originated during the big bang, is traveling in the accelerating universe. It is subjected to various gravitational pull (from different astronomical bodies) and hence won't the time for this ray of light be different when compared to all the stationary galaxies ?
 
"The time for this ray of light" suggests that there's a meaningful way to define the time "experienced" by a massless particle. There isn't. And the most meaningful definition would be to define it as 0. See e.g. my posts in this thread about the "photon's point of view". In particular, #8 and #14. You can also check out the currently active thread on the same topic.
 
The 13.7 billion years number has been derived from a number of independent sources, so it seems pretty solid. Do you have a particular objection?
 

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