How Is the Polyacetylene Chain Structured in a 1D Lattice Model?

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unscientific
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Homework Statement



The polyacetylene chain is a 1D chain of Carbon atoms with single bonds and double bonds in succession. Spacing for single bond is ##a_s = 0.144~nm## and spacing for double bond is ##a_d = 0.136~nm##.

Describe the structure using a "lattice" and a "basis".
Sketch the dispersion plot of ##\epsilon(k)## and mark the occupied states, fermi energy and first Brillouin zone.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



I suppose the lattice is simple 1d chain with a basis of another carbon at ##a##? Since the double bond has a shorter length, it means it has a higher ##k_d##.
 
unscientific said:

Homework Statement



The polyacetylene chain is a 1D chain of Carbon atoms with single bonds and double bonds in succession. Spacing for single bond is ##a_s = 0.144~nm## and spacing for double bond is ##a_d = 0.136~nm##.

Describe the structure using a "lattice" and a "basis".
Sketch the dispersion plot of ##\epsilon(k)## and mark the occupied states, fermi energy and first Brillouin zone.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution



I suppose the lattice is simple 1d chain with a basis of another carbon at ##a##? Since the double bond has a shorter length, it means it has a higher ##k_d##.
Yes, the basis consist of two carbon atoms - how far from each other? And what is the lattice parameter?
Yes, the double bond is shorter and more "rigid" than the single one so it has higher stretching force constant.
 
ehild said:
Yes, the basis consist of two carbon atoms - how far from each other? And what is the lattice parameter?
Yes, the double bond is shorter and more "rigid" than the single one so it has higher stretching force constant.

The basis consists of 2 carbon atoms, one at (0) and one at 0.136nm away. Lattice parameter is 0.144nm
 
unscientific said:
The basis consists of 2 carbon atoms, one at (0) and one at 0.136nm away. Lattice parameter is 0.144nm
No, 0.144nm is not the lattice parameter. That should be the length of the repeating unit. If you translate the atom at (0) by 0.144 nm you do not get an equivalent atom.
 
ehild said:
No, 0.144nm is not the lattice parameter. That should be the length of the repeating unit. If you translate the atom at (0) by 0.144 nm you do not get an equivalent atom.

Good point. Lattice constant is then ##a_d + a_s = 0.28nm##.
 
Last edited:
unscientific said:
Good point. Lattice constant is then ##a_d + a_s = 0.18nm##.
That is much better :)
 
ehild said:
That is much better :)

Is the dispersion curve like this:
Hand-drawn plot of energy E(k) against wavevector k with labelled ticks at minus pi over a_d, minus pi over a_s, pi over a_s and pi over a_d, showing a lower branch rising from zero at k = 0 and two gapped upper branches.
 
I never saw such dispersion curve :)

Yes, it will have two branches, but they both are centred at k=0 and end at k=±pi/a
 
Last edited:
ehild said:
I never saw such dispersion curve :)

Yes, it will have two branches, but they both are centred at k=0 and end at k=±1/a

It is a 1-dimensional diatomic lattice. So total modes = 2. 1 acoustic (moving in phase), 1 optic mode (moving anti-phase).
 
unscientific said:
It is a 1-dimensional diatomic lattice. So total modes = 2. 1 acoustic (moving in phase), 1 optic mode (moving anti-phase).
Yes, it is right.
 
ehild said:
Yes, it is right.
So the dispersion curve looks something like this where ##a=a_s+a_d = 0.28nm##
Hand-drawn plot of energy E(k) against k showing a folded band structure: a curve with a minimum at k=0 rising toward points at k=±π/a, with separate branches above at ±3π/a and ±2π/a, labelled on the k axis.
 
Yes, it can be plotted this way. But the acoustic part starts linearly, and is curved at the edge of the Brillouin zone.
 
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ehild said:
Yes, it can be plotted this way. But the acoustic part starts linearly, and is curved at the edge of the Brillouin zone.

True, as ##\omega \propto sin \left( \frac{ka}{2} \right) \sim k## for small ##k##