How is the region between two concentric spheres simply connected?

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SUMMARY

The region between two concentric spheres is simply connected because any closed curve within this region can be continuously shrunk to a point without leaving the space. When a curve approaches the boundary of the interior sphere, it can slide along the surface, utilizing the additional dimension available in three-dimensional space. This property distinguishes it from the space between two concentric circles in a plane, where such movement is restricted.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of multivariable calculus concepts
  • Familiarity with the definitions of simply connected spaces
  • Knowledge of topological properties of spheres
  • Basic grasp of closed curves and their behaviors in different dimensions
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  • Study the definition and properties of simply connected spaces in topology
  • Explore examples of connected and simply connected regions in higher dimensions
  • Learn about the implications of dimensionality on topological properties
  • Investigate the differences between planar and three-dimensional topological spaces
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Students of multivariable calculus, mathematicians interested in topology, and educators seeking to explain the concept of simply connected regions.

quasar_4
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Hi,

I've been reviewing multivariable calculus, which I took ages ago, and trying to understand the concept of a simply connected region. The book I'm reading discusses how the region between two concentric spheres is simply connected, but I'm having trouble seeing it. If I think about that region, and imagine sticking a curve there and shrinking it down, don't I run into trouble when I hit the boundary of interior sphere? Can anyone explain to me how this region is simply connected?

Thanks.
 
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Once the curve hits the boundary of the interior sphere it can simply slide along that surface to shrink to a point. It doesn't have to just sit at an equator. That extra dimension in which to shrink is what makes it different from the space between two concentric circles in the plane.
 
Ok, I see. I was trying to restrict it to a given equator. The same idea then applies to the spiral surface - you can draw your closed curve anywhere on the spiral and let it slide down the spiral to shrink it, right?
 
Yes.
 

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