How to deal with unusual factor-group?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on the homotopy groups of the vacuum manifold M derived from the symmetry group SU(3) broken by two Higgs fields in adjoint representation. The stationary subgroup H is identified as isomorphic to U(1) x U(1), leading to the conclusion that the manifold M can be expressed as SU(3)/(U(1)xU(1)). The homotopy groups are determined using theorems related to compact and simply-connected groups, yielding π₂(SU(3)/(U(1)xU(1))) = Z x Z and π₁(SU(3)/(U(1)xU(1))) = 0.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of symmetry groups, specifically SU(3)
  • Knowledge of adjoint representation in the context of Higgs fields
  • Familiarity with homotopy theory and homotopy groups
  • Basic concepts of Lie groups and their associated subgroups
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of SU(3) and its representations
  • Learn about the relationship between homotopy groups and fiber bundles
  • Investigate the implications of the theorem regarding π₂(G/H) and π₁(H)
  • Explore examples of factor groups and their homotopy equivalences
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Mathematicians, theoretical physicists, and students studying gauge theories, particularly those interested in the topology of gauge groups and their applications in particle physics.

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Homework Statement


Let symmetry group SU(3) be broken by two Higgs fields in adjoint representation, so as SU(3) is transitive on vacuum manifold M, and the fields in one of vacuums are diagonal:
v_1 \cdot diag(1,1,-2); v_1 \cdot diag(1,-1,0). Find the homotopy groups of vacuum manifold \pi_2 (M); \pi_1 (M).

Homework Equations



Theorem. M=G/H, if action G is transitive on M, H - stationary subgroup. Stationary subgroup consists of all the elements h\in G which don't change the element of M: F(h) m = m, m\in M. There also is a theorem that the resulting subgroup H doesn't depend on the chosen element m.

The Attempt at a Solution



So, to use the theorem, we have to find stationary subgroup H, and the manifold M would be isomorphic to SU(3)/H. One element of M (we'll call it m) is given right in the problem statement. So, we should find all h that F(h) m = m. The fields do transform on the adjoint representation of SU(3), so it is h m h^{-1} = m which leads us to equation [h,m]=0, [,] is commutator. For the given in the problem statement vacuum m (two expressions for fields) one can find two constraints on all the elements h. In addition to this, elements h \in H are subgroups of SU(3), so, if we take it into account, we'll get such an expression for subgroup H:
\begin{pmatrix}<br /> e^{i\phi} &amp; 0 &amp;0 \\ <br /> 0 &amp; e^{i\psi}&amp; 0\\ <br /> 0 &amp; 0 &amp; e^{-i\phi-i\psi}<br /> \end{pmatrix}

It seems to me that group of such matrices is isomorphic to U(1)xU(1). So, the desired manifold is M= SU(3)/(U(1)xU(1)). Firstly, I want to ask about some site or book where many of the relations using the factor groups are gathered (like SU(2)/Z_2 = SO(3)). They really make life easier sometimes; and, in particular, I want to know if SU(3)/(U(1)xU(1) is isomorphic to some more simple-written group. Moreover, I completely don't understand how to find homotopy groups like \pi_2 (SU(3)/(U(1)xU(1))). Give an idea, please. Probably SU(3)/(U(1)xU(1)) is homotopically equivalent to something easy?

Thank you.
 
Last edited:
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The solution.

I found the answer to it by myself.
There's such a theorem that if there is a bundle (G, G/H, H), G is compact and simply-connected then \pi_2 (G/H) = \pi_1 (H). Also if G is connected, \pi_1 (G/H) = \pi_0 (H). So, the desired homotopy classes are \pi_2 (SU(3)/(U(1)\times U(1))) = \pi_1 (U(1) \times U(1)) = \pi_1 (U(1)) \times \pi_1 (U(1)) = Z \times Z ; \pi_1 (SU(3)/(U(1)\times U(1))) = \pi_0 (U(1) \times U(1)) = 0.
 

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