How to design canal to reduce stream temperature?

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SUMMARY

This discussion focuses on designing a canal to effectively reduce stream temperature from an inlet of 47°C to an outlet of at least 40°C, given a maximum canal length of 180 meters and an ambient temperature of 32°C. Key factors influencing the design include volumetric flow rate of 6000 m³/h, heat conduction from surrounding ground, and the potential for both laminar and turbulent flow, which affect heat transfer coefficients. The use of a calculator from Engineering Toolbox is recommended for precise calculations, taking into account additional variables such as wind velocity and heat transfer dynamics.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of heat transfer principles, including conduction and convection.
  • Familiarity with fluid dynamics, specifically laminar and turbulent flow.
  • Knowledge of thermal properties of materials and their impact on heat transfer.
  • Experience with engineering calculators or simulation tools for thermal analysis.
NEXT STEPS
  • Explore the Engineering Toolbox calculator for evaporation and heat transfer calculations.
  • Research the effects of wind velocity on forced convection heat transfer.
  • Study the differences in heat transfer coefficients for laminar versus turbulent flow.
  • Investigate methods for optimizing canal dimensions for thermal efficiency.
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Engineers, environmental scientists, and water resource managers involved in thermal management of water bodies and canal design.

satyadangin
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If i have atm temperature around 32 deg Celsius, volumetric flow 6000m3/h, fluid temperature inlet 47 deg celsius. How to get minimum possible dimension for my canal if its maximum possible length is 180 m and fluid temperature outlet at least 40 deg celsius?
 
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The air will not be the only possible heat source. You will need to include the surrounding ground temperature and heat conduction rate for the walls and bottom of your channel. Additionally, The solution may result in either laminar or turbulent flow through your channel; for which, there will be different heat transfer coefficients both for the channel and the air contact surfaces. You will also have wind velocity to consider and even if the air is stagnant it will be a "forced convection" fluid to air contact heat transfer situation due to the motion of the water alone.
 

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