MHB How to simplify a diabolical expression involving radicals

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The discussion focuses on simplifying a complex expression involving radicals, which equals 1/2. Various substitutions, including x = √5 and x = 2√5, have been attempted without success. A suggested substitution is u = √(5 + 2√5), which may help simplify the expression further. This approach allows for rewriting parts of the expression, potentially making it easier to simplify. The goal remains to analytically simplify the original diabolical expression.
kalish1
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A friend and I have been working on this problem for hours - how can the following expression be simplified analytically?

It equals $\frac{1}{2},$ and we have tried the following to no avail:

1. Substitution of $x = \sqrt{5}$
2. Substitution of $x = 2\sqrt{5}$
3. Substitution of $x = 5+\sqrt{5}$
4. Substitution of $x = \sqrt{5 + \sqrt{5}}$

Here goes:
$$\dfrac{\dfrac{\sqrt{5 + 2\sqrt{5}}}{2} + \dfrac{\sqrt{5(5 + 2\sqrt{5})}}{4} - \dfrac{\sqrt{10 + 2\sqrt{5}}}{8}}{\dfrac{\sqrt{5(5 + 2\sqrt{5})}}{4} + 5 \cdot \dfrac{\sqrt{5 + 2\sqrt{5}}}{4}}$$

Thanks in advance for any help.

This question has been crossposted here - fractions - How to simplify a diabolical expression involving radicals - Mathematics Stack Exchange
 
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Try the substitution $u = \sqrt{5 + 2 \sqrt{5}}$. Then you have:
$$\sqrt{5(5 + 2 \sqrt{5})} = \sqrt{5} u$$
$$\sqrt{10 + 2 \sqrt{5}} = \sqrt{u^2 + 5}$$
You'll still have a root but you'll be able to simplify the fraction I think.
 
Here is a little puzzle from the book 100 Geometric Games by Pierre Berloquin. The side of a small square is one meter long and the side of a larger square one and a half meters long. One vertex of the large square is at the center of the small square. The side of the large square cuts two sides of the small square into one- third parts and two-thirds parts. What is the area where the squares overlap?

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