Hydrogen atom: potential well and orbit radii

Click For Summary
SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the relationship between the electron orbit radius and the potential well radius in the context of the hydrogen atom. According to Sah, the electron orbit radius is defined as half the potential well radius at energy level E_n, with the orbit radius expressed as r_n = (4πε_0ħ²n²)/(mq²) and the potential well as V(r_n) = (-q⁴m)/(4πε_0)²ħ²n². The participants clarify that the "well radius" refers to the effective width of the potential well created by the nucleus at specific energy levels, specifically noting that r_1 is half the width of the potential well at E_1.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics concepts, particularly the hydrogen atom model.
  • Familiarity with potential wells and their mathematical representations.
  • Knowledge of the Bohr model and its implications for electron orbits.
  • Basic proficiency in mathematical expressions involving physical constants like ħ (reduced Planck's constant) and ε_0 (vacuum permittivity).
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the derivation of the Bohr radius and its significance in quantum mechanics.
  • Explore the implications of potential wells in quantum mechanics, focusing on 1/r potential wells.
  • Investigate the mathematical relationships between energy levels and orbital radii in hydrogen-like atoms.
  • Learn about the graphical representation of potential wells and electron orbits in quantum systems.
USEFUL FOR

Students and professionals in physics, particularly those focusing on quantum mechanics, atomic structure, and theoretical physics. This discussion is beneficial for anyone looking to deepen their understanding of electron behavior in potential wells.

shallowbay
Messages
5
Reaction score
0
Hello,

I happened to open up an old book by Sah, and in it he says:

"it is evident that the electron orbit radius is half the well radius at the energy level [itex]E_n[/itex]"

The orbit radius is [itex]r_n=\frac{4*\pi*ε_0*\hbar^2*n^2}{mq^2}[/itex] and the potential well [itex]V(r_n)=\frac{-q^4*m}{(4*\pi*ε_0)^2*\hbar^2*n^2}[/itex]

Of course the orbit radius has to be confined in the well, but it's not obvious to me why it should be exactly half the well radius? This isn't something I recall seeing before either.

Thanks
 
Physics news on Phys.org
What does "well radius" even mean in this context? I've never seen anyone talk of the "radius" or "width" of a 1/r potential well; it extends from r = 0 to r = ∞.
 
He's speaking of the width of the potential well due to the nucleus at the specific energy levels [itex]E_n[/itex]. So that apparently [itex]r_1[/itex] of the electron is half of the width of the potential well itself at [itex]E_1[/itex], or the well would be twice the Bohr radius.

Attached diagram he uses where he has drawn the orbit radius to be half that of the well. When I just add it to the post it is far too small to be useful.
 

Attachments

  • 0222140910a.jpg
    0222140910a.jpg
    13.5 KB · Views: 490
Last edited:

Similar threads

  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 17 ·
Replies
17
Views
2K
  • · Replies 2 ·
Replies
2
Views
2K
  • · Replies 8 ·
Replies
8
Views
1K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 3 ·
Replies
3
Views
2K
  • · Replies 1 ·
Replies
1
Views
2K
  • · Replies 15 ·
Replies
15
Views
3K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
2K
  • · Replies 5 ·
Replies
5
Views
3K