Hypothesis Testing: Binomial Experiment

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on determining the minimum number of patients cured by a cognitive behavioral (CB) program to assert its effectiveness over a medication that cures 60% of depression cases. Using a binomial distribution approach with 15 trials and an alpha level of 0.10, the participant concludes that at least 13 patients must be cured to reject the null hypothesis. The calculations involve evaluating probabilities using the binomial distribution formula and identifying the critical value of x where the cumulative probability exceeds the alpha level.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of binomial distribution and its applications
  • Knowledge of hypothesis testing concepts, specifically upper tail tests
  • Familiarity with statistical significance and p-values
  • Ability to use binomial distribution tables for probability calculations
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the binomial distribution formula and its derivation
  • Learn how to perform hypothesis testing using statistical software like R or Python
  • Explore the implications of alpha levels in hypothesis testing
  • Investigate the differences between binomial and normal distribution approximations
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for students in statistics, researchers conducting clinical trials, and professionals involved in data analysis and hypothesis testing in healthcare settings.

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Homework Statement



A drug company markets a medication that cures about 60% of cases with depression. A CB program is thought to be more effective. It was delivered to 15 depressed people. Determine the minimum number of cured people required to support the claim that the CB program is more effective than the drug. Use alpha=.10.

Homework Equations



nCx p^(x)q^(n-x)

The Attempt at a Solution



This is a binomial distribution problem.

- Upper tail test (H1: p>.6000)
n = number of trials = 15
p = probability of a success on a given trial = .6000
x = ?

I am trying to solve for x. However, I have no idea as to how to go about this. If I plug in the known values into the binomial distribution equation (written under "relevant equations") it becomes too difficult for me to solve, beyond the scope of the course I'm taking. I cannot use the normal approximation to solve the problem, because nxp does not equal 10.

Could someone please give me some detailed guidance? It would be greatly, greatly appreciated.
 
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I just had a thought. I could use the probability of failure instead of success (i.e. 1 - .6000 = .4000).

Then, I could look up n=15, p=.40 on the binomial distribution table. Starting at the lowest value of x (x=0, probability = .0005), it is evident that if one person was not cured, we could reject the null hypothesis because the p-value would be lower than alpha (.10).

I could work my way down the list, adding on each probability for the next highest value of x. When the probability exceeded the alpha level (this occurs at x=3), I would know I'd gone too high, because I could not reject the null hypothesis. The x value one down would be the key to my answer (x=2).

Thus, a maximum of 2 people must not be cured. To rephrase this in terms of the question, a minimum of 13 people must be cured.

Am I on the right track here?
 
Last edited:

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