I was inside RBMK 1500, and have a few questions :)

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The discussion centers on experiences and inquiries about the RBMK 1500 nuclear reactor, particularly regarding radiation exposure and reactor design. The participant noted a radiation dose of 2 uSv after spending an hour in the active zone, questioning its significance compared to annual exposure levels. They also inquired about the types of radiation present during refueling, the ease of cleaning stainless steel floors in the reactor hall, and the relationship between particle size and radiation intensity from radioactive dust. Additionally, the conversation touched on the dual-purpose design of the RBMK for electricity generation and weapons-grade plutonium production, clarifying that further purification is required for plutonium to be weapon-grade after extraction from the reactor. Overall, the thread highlights the complexities of nuclear reactor operations and radiation safety.
  • #51
nikkkom said:
Then you have a problem with simple math. 150x150 square miles of solar arrays
Maybe.
https://www.eia.gov/electricity/capacity/
upload_2016-4-26_13-17-47.png


a thousand gigawatts X 24 hours/day = 24X10^12 wh/day =2.4 E10kwh/day

I take that 150 X150 miles as roughly 241 km X 241 km
which = 5.81E10m^2http://rredc.nrel.gov/solar/old_data/nsrdb/1961-1990/redbook/atlas/
upload_2016-4-26_13-22-10.png


Let's take 5kwh/m^2/day in southern Arizona & New Mexico
5kwh/day/m^2 X 5.81E10m^2 = 2.90E11 kwh/day is what falls on the collectors
Efficiency = output(electric kwh) / input(solar kwh)
2.4E10/ 2.90E11 = 0.082

If you can collect, store and distribute it at >8.2 % efficiency your numbers are right.

Looks like the solar cells themselves will not much longer be the limiting factor.
Be sure to see original at http://www.nrel.gov/ncpv/ click "Latest Chart"
NikkomSolarCell1.jpg
There'll be some splendiferous grid crashes and battery explosions along the way -
but i say to your generation : Go for it. We ought to leave some fossil fuel near the Earth's surface for whatever species replaces us.

My run is over, it's you young folks turn.
As my childhood hero said "Hi - Yo Silver, Away !"
(Exit stage left to William Tell Overture...)

old jim
 
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  • #52
mheslep said:
Backing up a future US for a conservative 7 days all by battery, with all energy needs made electric at load 2 TW, is 336 TWh. Such a battery ...

Total installed capacity of US today is 1 TW, not 2. Average consumption is, naturally, much less that 1 TW.
 
  • #53
I already had solar power discussion, and I saved the salient numeric data:

***************************************************
Insolation: ~1kW/m^2
PV efficiency: growing by the day, but let's assume conservatively
that it will never exceed 10% for economically viable multi-km^2
installations.
Losses due to night / clouds / rain: 4/5, but let's assume higher losses: 9/10.

Thus, 1 m^2 can produce only 10W on average. 1 km^2 can produce 10 MW.

Mostly desert and dry US states:

Arizona: 295254 km^2
Nevada: 286367 km^2
New Mexico: 315194 km^2

Sum: 896815 km^2

If we would tile only 10% of this land with PV panels we'd generate
897 GW (on average). And then there are dry, inhospitable areas in
Utah, Colorado and Texas if we would ever need more.

Total installed electricity generation capacity in the United States
today is a bit above 1000 GW.
******************************************
Someone replied to me with:

That's low by 2 or 3X. The one km^2 insolation is 1 GW, peak, as you say.
Conversion minimum now is 15%, 20% on the expensive side,
so 150 MW per km^2. Capacity factor in Arizona is 25% (6 kWh insolation
per m^2 per day). Resulting daily average power is then 30 MW/km^2.
Call it 20 MW/km^2 with wasted land. US average power load
is ~430 GWe, which is supplied then by ~22000 km^2 of PV,
or 150 km on a side, a tiny parcel of what's called the US southwest.
 
  • #54
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  • #56
Ok , I see a lively discussion going on here, that's nice , now please don't dislike me but I would like to point out some corrections needed here.

as to @nikkkom , in real life things are not exactly star wars and even discovery channel documentaries at many cases do a very poor job in terms of truth or details mainly because the average person doesn't care.
In Chernobyl right after the blast which were many by the way , there was no darkness , the lights were still on except for those who were in places that had blown up or collapsed due to the enormous explosion force which ruptured thick reinforced walls and the mainframe steel of the building.even after all this obliteration going on at the other side of the same building separated only by a thick concrete wall was the reactor number 3 which was still going full speed even after what happened right next to it and literally destroyed half the building taking some of the common systems with it.
They only decided to shut down reactor 3 some 3 hours after the explosion and not so much because of any danger to it's further operation as to the director of staff at reactor 3 control room finally saw the radiation levels rising so high as it became impossible for humans to continue to operate in the building.

they had dosimeters even before the accident , it's a NPP after all , not having a dosimeter at such a place would be like not having cooking oil in a kitchen.
as for the people at reactor 4 once the explosion happened , given the radiation levels and their position in the building they no longer needed dosimeters nor battery light , their existence now had a timer to it and most of them died in the following days some after a few weeks.
also most dosimeters didn't have radiation levels high enough to measure the aftermath background which was both inside the reactor corridors and outside of it right after the explosion they either went "bananas" or broke altogether.

also for those who say the RBMK doesn't have a containment vessel , yes it's true and a drawback but in Chernobyl it would have made no difference the explosion was so powerful the reactor had to be located deep underground or inside a air tight hill to prevent the shockwave and heat from breaking everything into pieces or escaping into atmosphere , a typical CANDU or PWR vessel couldn't stop such an explosion.

All in all i just want to say that Chernobyl wasn't your typical "things going wrong in a nuclear reactor" situation I think it was one of a kind case which has an extremely low chance of ever happening again at that level.the reactor was pushed into super critical state so it went off sort of like a bomb.this state was achieved mainly due to the operators mistakes and not only one but a whole chain of dangerous and some of them on the border of being criminal activities, that were done that night combined with some very important factors like the positive void feedback of the reactor and the instability at very low power levels and just to add fuel to the fire some key staff at that night shift weren't fully aware of these critical reactor design features.
the guy who by mistake took out all the control rods was only at his third month after finishing university and had no prior experience with this RBMK. which at the time before Chernobyl was even less automated and safe guarded than after and required some skills to operate.
It was like winning a lottery , they just happened to cross all the right numbers that night and won.If just one of the many things gone wrong that night would have been different the accident would have never happened and we probably wouldn't have this discussion.
So once you look at this with attention to detail the whole thing becomes more clear and doesn't seem so dangerous anymore even with the pre update RBMK which I agree was the most dangerous yet powerful reactor at the time.

Also the very reason why the soviets built them was because they were cheap to make , made lots of power , were able to refuel and produce Pu without ever shutting down and their parts could be mass produced on the existing factories without the need to make special exceptions.

one of the main designers of the RBMK the Russian engineer Nikolay Dollezhal knew of the reactor shortcoming right from the start , he even said at one point that they should only build these in the eastern part of Russia with vast "no mans" lands but he was ignored at that moment.
they also made the VVER reactors at the same time they made the RBMK but I guess cost and simplicity was the reason why they built less VVER 's and more RBMK's at that point even though this changed right after Chernobyl.

I would also go as far as to say that even RBMK , the ones still running in Russia are safe , now they added some modern safety systems and changed the positive feedback to almoust zero so if operated correctly they are just as good as any other design to be fair.
 
  • #57
@Jim , it's RBMK not RMBK , it goes for, I will translate directly even though it sounds funny , "Reactor Big Power type Channel'
or more classy simply (Reaktor Bolshoy Moshchnosti Kanalnyy, "High Power Channel-type Reactor)

In terms of the RBMK design I think it's easy to find the internet is full of it, because due to Chernobyl it's one of the most talked about nuclear things in the world.

If you have any time or interest Jim I suggest you read this
http://www.lei.lt/insc/sourcebook/index.html
It's made by the people who worked with or at the reactor I was in at Ignalina.It has some quite good basics of what the whole thing is about and why the soviets used it , even though they had both the capability to either spy and steal a western design and simply use that and forget any trouble or somewhat make their own version like the VVER design which is a pressurized water type but somewhat different than the PWR used in the US , how and how much I don't know I also don;'t fully know whether it was a spied western design with minor changes or a entirely soviet built design , as much as wikipedia goes it seems the soviets made it themselves.
Anyhow it's a pretty common reactor in eastern and central Europe also in Russia and many of it's neighboring states.
I hope I will be able to visit one like that in Czech Republic or maybe Finland as that is closer to where I live.
Germany also used to have them.

As for civilians , it wasn't exactly civilians running them , if it was so I think we would all need to wear gas masks even while your typing this on your PC to respond to my post. :D
When Ignalina , the most powerful RBMK of them all was built even the reactor was built by a special construction crew , the local ones who offered to build were rejected due to concerns about safety and this was before Chernobyl at 1975.
also the staff all had degree's from Nuclear physics institutes and universities with such specialties.except for people who were doing other things not directly related to the control room or any other serious task which involves controlling the chain reaction.
But just because someone has a diploma doesn't mean he cannot screw up. Also the very test itself was rather dangerous to begin with so it implied the crew had to go through steps which required doing some risky business.Add some pressure from the local authorities to carry out the test successfully , add bad timing due to a delay because of grid demand at day , add some lack of information about the reactor design due to secrecy (god knows why) add some critical mistakes by the newbies in the reactor staff because they had to do stuff they weren't told before since the reactors wasn't designed to be run the way they had to that night.
well you guess were this all goes.as for the solar , we have to take into account many things here , remember that producing all those panels requires energy and material which means more green house gasses because transporting and fabrication involves quite a lot of oil either directly or indirectly.not to even mention the batteries which require toxic metals and their handling , all this pollutes the planet no less than burning coal to produce steam and then electricity , yes you may say ok once the panels are up and running this goes away and clean energy can be harvested and still remember we will run out of most of our fossil fuels (except for coal) somewhere in the middle of this century) so we better think quick as we don't have much time and renewable energy won't cover all our needs once oil is gone for sure.

I wonder why we can't build the fission reactors underground , I mean the active part of the reactor , we can dig a huge well for a missile some of the bigger ones I have seen so deep you can slide a highrise 12 story building into it like it wasn't even there.
build it underground and put some biological shield on top and in case the worst happens like in Chernobyl (highly unlikely) let the reactor dig it's own grave and sit there ,
with today's HVDC lines we can choose a safe location for this which has a lot of bedrock and other absorbing features and simply transport the power back to places with lots of population.
China has some of it's biggest hydro stations more than thousand km's away from the load.
 
  • #58
  • #59
right , I forgot while writing the need for water nearby to cool down the steam after it exits the turbine.
well you definitely would like to avoid building a reactor in a swamp or near one.
a nearby river in a rather high altitude environment would probably suffice , once can then build a channel that passes some of it's water bit around so that it can reach the underground reactor , although the surface cooling water wouldn't need to go underground since the turbine and the steam condenser could be located above ground since they pose no threat.
anyway this definitely complicates and what's more important in a capitalist world - makes the design more expensive.
 
  • #60
Salvador said:
@Jim , it's RBMK not RMBK , it goes for, I will translate directly even though it sounds funny , "Reactor Big Power type Channel'

Thanks ! I reverse things a lot...

My Mom subscribed to "Russia Today " magazine. They had a nice article about those reactors with marvelous pictures not very long before the accident, but sadly she didn't keep that issue. Sure wish i had it now.

old jim
 
  • #61
Salvador said:
In Chernobyl right after the blast which were many by the way , there was no darkness,

Wrong. The entire Unit 4 was damaged to the extent that lights were inoperable almost everywhere. Central control room had some power-backed lights. Elsewhere, everything was short-circuited, torn.

There is an excellent, detailed book about the accident, written by a Soviet nuclear specialist who used to work on Soviet power stations himself, and who visited Chernobyl soon after disaster. See this thread:

https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/b-medvedev-chernobyl-notebook.513833/

It has minute-by-minute account of accident, who went where, who said what, who did what. In particular, it quite clearly says that workers had to work in the darkness in many cases.

I read this book cover to cover, in original, three or four times. I read all available official investigation reports on Chernobyl. I would risk stating that I know a thing or two about this disaster.

they had dosimeters even before the accident , it's a NPP after all , not having a dosimeter at such a place would be like not having cooking oil in a kitchen.

My point is not that they haven't any dosimeters. My point is, they did not have dosimeters suitable for large fields. My further point is that this was supposed to be a "lesson learned" after Chernobyl. Evidently, at Fukushima they did not learn it.

as for the people at reactor 4 once the explosion happened , given the radiation levels and their position in the building they no longer needed dosimeters nor battery light

Are you saying that in an accident, it is unimportant to have means to mitigate the disaster? To work faster and easier? That workers don't need to know where radiation levels are higher or lower? That's an ... interesting statement.

also most dosimeters didn't have radiation levels high enough to measure the aftermath background which was both inside the reactor corridors and outside of it right after the explosion they either went "bananas" or broke altogether.

My point exactly. Dosimeters were inadequate.

It was like winning a lottery , they just happened to cross all the right numbers that night and won.If just one of the many things gone wrong that night would have been different the accident would have never happened and we probably wouldn't have this discussion.
So once you look at this with attention to detail the whole thing becomes more clear and doesn't seem so dangerous anymore even with the pre update RBMK which I agree was the most dangerous yet powerful reactor at the time.

I disagree. We would just need to wait a bit longer - other RBMKs were run by the same organisation, with the same attitude, in the same coutry. If this was such an awfully "one-off"event as you claim, I wonder how come another one-off event happened again only 25 years after it? Incredible...
 
  • #62
nikkkom said:
I disagree. We would just need to wait a bit longer - other RBMKs were run by the same organisation, with the same attitude, in the same coutry.
Try to prove that.
Also, this just means reactors should not be run with that attitude. It is possible to follow basic safety rules, and that would have avoided the accident.
nikkkom said:
If this was such an awfully "one-off"event as you claim, I wonder how come another one-off event happened again only 25 years after it?
The events at Fukushima were completely different. Basically the only common thing was "significant radioactive material was released" (but in completely different amounts).
 
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  • #63
Salvador said:
as for the solar , we have to take into account many things here , remember that producing all those panels requires energy and material which means more green house gasses because transporting and fabrication involves quite a lot of oil either directly or indirectly.

Are you under illusion than nuclear power plant does not require to be built? All those pipes, all pumps, all cement, they require energy to be produced.

not to even mention the batteries which require toxic metals and their handling , all this pollutes the planet no less than burning coal to produce steam and then electricity

Wrong. This pollutes the planet *less* (in fact, *much less*) than just directly using coal to produce electricity. Coal power stations consume millions of tons of coal every year. An utility-scale solar power station has life expectancy of about 30 years. Do you really think building 1 GW of solar panels requires ~30 million tons of coal? Do some math because stating things...
 
  • #64
mfb said:
The events at Fukushima were completely different.

The events at Fukushima weren't supposed to be possible.
NPP operators are supposed to make honest assessments of flood dangers.
NPP operators are supposed to equip their people with enough dosimeters with sufficient range.
NPP operators are supposed to have contingency plans what to do in an extended station blackout - whereas in Fukushima disaster manuals, bewildered workers saw just one phrase about it - "losing all off-site power is highly improbable". LOL... poor lads... :(
 
  • #65
Ok, again just to clarify a few points, first of all maybe I was bit wrong about the coal vs building solar panels in terms of emissions spent , yet anyway if coal is over and oil also then we have to produce electricity somehow different , the only way I see it would be possible to just try to supply the whole world with just renewables is that if and only if every country in the world uses their natural potential to it's fullest, for example in Africa you can have tons of solar , in other places wind + solar , then countries with much forests can use cogeneration , also we could burn some of our household trash using gas ovens , I know one local garbage yard uses this to produce some electricity and the rest goes to heat for heating greenhouses that grow food.
but this is in the perfect scenario if everyone agrees to work as one team and we develop a world wide plan and if all the things fall in the right way, I'd say it's harder than achieving Communism and pushing the naturally egoistic human to become a progress and advancment driven perfect machine that doesn't steal nor is lazy anymore , it would also require to increase the IQ of atleast 50% of society.
I'm not against green energy but as you see there are some reasons why I feel it's not fully possible , humans are such animals that they can never fully agree to cooperate nor understand something complicated alltogether.
A nuclear reactor on the other hand is a much more "humanly" thing in terms of that it can be built by a private company kept by it and located on a rather small piece of land at a specific location and doesn't require a world wide movement to keep it useful , it's already useful for those who use it even if the neighbor decides to go all coal.
But we can definitely do so much more in terms of making new buildings with solar panels as a design element into facades also making them more efficient so less energy is used etc etc and this all is slowly but steadily happening and becoming the new norm and I think that in itself is a rather big achievement.As for Chernobyl , yes the lights were out in reactor number 4 but quite frankly and this is what I tried to say earlier that didn't matter in that case whether the lights were there or not or whether they had dosimeters or not , I'm not for killing reactor workers intentionally but what I said and you must know this also since you say you have read many papers on the case , that the situation was so much " through the roof" and " out of this world" that no safety features would have helped them beyond that point , they crossed the point of no return. Fukushima was much less severe of an accident and they might really have benefited from some extra gear , but in Chernobyl the whole 4th reactor was obliterated , the radiation levels were so high that even if the workers had any dosimeters they would have fallen to the ground before they had the chance to take some meaningful readings.
those working near the reactor hall fell ill minutes after what happened if they hadn't been burned otherwise or some of them buried under the heavy tons of steel and concrete.
the rest , including the operators in the control room had no chance of survival either no matter what you would have given them. they reached their maximum allowed dose in what ? few minutes i think , everything beyond that and they died one by one in the hospital.I have been physically in the building of an RBMK unit , the corridors and hallways are so long and sometimes labyrinth like that even if they had ran seconds before the thing blew they would have still got probably lethal doses.
So I'm just saying that once you have all the perfect parameters set for the reactor to go 100x times its power max level and with no control rods inserted you basically have a bomb and nothing can help from there on.
Chernobyl was also so much more tragic because in Fukushima for example the reactors melted down under a shut down state , in Chernobyl the reactor blew at it's absolute maximum , not the maximum working power but rather the maximum power a pile of weakly enriched uranium stacked into 1600+ channels can give you in a short moment before it's brute force rips the critical mass apart , only here the rupturing steam pipes blew first.if the steam pipes would not have blown the reactor top also expanding the fuel channels maybe the fuel could have given an even stronger burst.As for the lights going out , I want to make a funny comparison that just came to mind , if you think lights going out was a problem there then maybe you would also say that , "Hey, if someone drops an H bomb on my city , make sure the lights don't go out because I will need to see my way out from the mile deep crater that I will be in together with my bed that I'm supposedly still sleeping in"
I really think those people there went across the line and had no chance of coming back.
Meanwhile workers at control room at unit 3 right next to the big smoking hole were given iodine pills and said to keep on working , but quite frankly what choice they had ? leave everything as is and run for their lives , in that case suppose another blast in reactor 3 might have been a probable scenario.
+ running would have probably given them even higher does than sitting in a big reinforced concrete shell.
Oh another thing , there was no "organization" running the reactors , there was no organization running anything in the soviet union except for a few small shops and restaurants , all important infrastructure was strictly state controlled with such important places like nuclear reactors and hydro power plants not to mention top secret government military facilities.Every NPP in the Soviet union was state controlled with even as far as KGB agents sitting in their rooms watching a close eye on all staff, heck every factory and institution had atleast one agent monitoring everything, usually many , yes I agree it would have been better if the staff kept just as much of a watch over the reactor as the agents kept it over them.
this is the problem in a country were everything is state run , it's better because people were so much more afraid from doing wrong because they knew serious consequences would follow but also because the whole apparatus was so big in many cases important parts were not given the full attention to detail they required.

But after all, Three Mile Island was privately run , Fukishima also , and that doesn't guarantee no accidents , Chernobyl was only worse not because it was run by communists or not because it was run by an "organization" but simply because a ton of factors all came together in the worst possible way.
As I said it was like winning a lottery For those who believe in the supernatural maybe it was a must have event to help bring the Soviet Union to an otherwise long ahead and slow end.
This is not far from the truth since the cleanup was the most expensive cleanup operation ever until that point in time , also falling oil prices in the end of the 80's. even though the latter was probably somewhat intentional move from the west to finally try to destroy it's biggest threat and enemy at the same time.P.S. Sorry for me writing a book in a single post :D

@Jim , your mom subscribed to Russia Today ? When in 1986 ?
I think subscribing or getting soviet literature in the cold war America probably got one under the watch of CIA.
God forbid my mom having even a dream of western literature back in the 60's , her neighbor would have felt it in his sleep and went to report to the KGB's field office the next day :D
But in all honesty everyone reported everyone else and basically this is what made the system so genius and all powerful , the system managed to recruit even those who hated it.
In Soviet Russia magazines subscribe to you... :D
 
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  • #66
Salvador said:
As for Chernobyl , yes the lights were out in reactor number 4 but quite frankly and this is what I tried to say earlier that didn't matter in that case whether the lights were there or not or whether they had dosimeters or not , I'm not for killing reactor workers intentionally but what I said and you must know this also since you say you have read many papers on the case , that the situation was so much " through the roof" and " out of this world" that no safety features would have helped them beyond that point , they crossed the point of no return. Fukushima was much less severe of an accident and they might really have benefited from some extra gear , but in Chernobyl the whole 4th reactor was obliterated , the radiation levels were so high that even if the workers had any dosimeters they would have fallen to the ground before they had the chance to take some meaningful readings.

The workers *did* stay inside reactor and turbine building for hours, and they were not immediately incapacitated. Even fatal doses of radiation do not kill you at once. If they are below some 1000 R, you would even feel relatively fine at first.

Workers had much to to. In turbine hall, they had numerous small fires to put down, before they grow large and dangerous (roof was severely damaged, hot debris fell through it). They had to purge generator's cooling hydrogen, to avoid more explosions. They had to drain tons of lubrication oil. They were doing all this.

Second, they did not yet know that reactor did not exist anymore. Good dosimeters would immediately tell them that reactor is severely damaged, but they hadn't them. Two interns were sent to investigate into reactor hall, got there, saw the gigantic fire and stood in a gamma field of about 20000 R/h. Both were among the first to die few days later. Shocked superiors did not believe their story and tried to organize piping of cooling water, which meant working in dark rooms, half-flooded by (as it turned out) highly radioactive water. Here, for example, one of the Central Room operators, Akimov, got his fatal dose while working on opening large valves by hand. It was all futile, but they did not know it.

One notable person, Valera Perevozchenko, went to great lengths trying to find all his subordinates. He found one, badly burned by steam (this person was the second to die in this accident), and spent a lot of time looking for another guy, whose body was never recovered and who to this day lie buried inside the rubble in the Carcophagus.

Safety features such as ordinary dosimeters could have saved dozens of people.
 
  • #67
Salvador said:
@Jim , your mom subscribed to Russia Today ? When in 1986 ?
I think subscribing or getting soviet literature in the cold war America probably got one under the watch of CIA.

She took it for several years in the mid 80's. I remember it came in a discreet plain brown wrapper which i thought quaint.
I was born in 1946 so my early years were during our post WW2 anti-communist hysteria . In grade school we had to read pamphlets by J Edgar Hoover telling us how the evil Russian communists wanted to come here and take over everything.
I remember in fourth grade reading that Russian school children are taught "America is evil ", and thinking "This just doesn't sound right - he's teaching me the same thing about Russia."

Anyhow , the magazine was upbeat and an eye opener for this pre-programmed kid. It made me realize just how effective that grade school propaganda had been. It's an awful thing to do to kids, teaching them fear and distrust.

If the CIA surveilled us they were quiet about it. And very bored.

old jim
 
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  • #68
Jim, the "hysteria" was actually mostly correct. I was born in USSR and commies _did_ consider US and all other "capitalists" evil; and the official communist doctrine was that we are going to fight you, win, and create worldwide Communism.
 
  • #69
nikkkom said:
Jim, the "hysteria" was actually mostly correct. I was born in USSR and commies _did_ consider US and all other "capitalists" evil; and the official communist doctrine was that we are going to fight you, win, and create worldwide Communism.

Thank you Nikkom.

Did you grow up fearing Americans ?

When i was around thirty years old i finally got a boat big enough (just 16 feet long but high& wide)
to get to the Gulfstream.
I will never forget my wonderment at the intense , visceral recoil i felt when a huge green freighter probably 650 feet long steamed by just a hundred yards away, It looked like a mountain range in motion and had a gigantic red hammer and sickle on the stack.
"Why does that affect me so strongly ?" i asked ...

I met my first Russians when in my fifties. They were as open, direct and positive as Mom's magazine portrayed you folks.

"Ask not what government can do for you, be thankful for what it does not do to you."

old jim
 
  • #70
jim hardy said:
Thank you Nikkom.

Did you grow up fearing Americans?

By my age of 16 USSR started falling apart and it became clear we were gravely bullshitted by the Commies regarding actual state of affairs. The Americans were not poor people oppressed by their evil capitalist rulers, they were actually much more prosperous than we were. And they did not scheme to destroy us at the first opportunity.

I met my first Russians in my fifties. They were as open, direct and positive as Mom's magazine portrayed you folks.

My grandmother's family had a distinctly different experience with Russians who came in 1933 and seized all their grain and food. The entire family starved to death, except my grandmother.

I think nuking Moscow might be not the worst idea.
 
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  • #71
mfb said:
Try to explain that to the public. Many will hear "nuclear" and completely ignore all rational arguments.
Perhaps, though I think the public taste for nuclear is finally on the up, especially with some of the more serious people in the environmental movement now contending that nuclear power is the only serious alternative to fossil fuels (e.g. Patrick Moore, Hansen, the film Pandora's Promise). The US has a dozen or two startup companies working in innovative nuclear.
 
  • #72
nikkkom said:
My grandmother's family had a distinctly different experience with Russians who came in 1933 and seized all their grain and food. The entire family starved to death, except my grandmother.

I think nuking Moscow might be not the worst idea.

I understand. I apologize for stirring unpleasant memories.
 
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  • #73
Ok Nikkkom , it's not entirely about how fast they died but the fact that they received lethal doses in a very short amount of time and would have died anyway.both the reactor workers and the station's fire brigade all of them irradiated themselves to absurd levels.Without looking much into the details I see that every one of them died the same year.

As for the history , I think people from both sides tend to come to wrong conclusions and overestimates.The young folks these days don't estimate at all they just don't care since they are so pulled away with the whole living for today thing going on these days.
The Cold war and and USSR was too complex of a thing to be simply labelled as "bad commies figuring how to destroy the capitalist piggies americans" :D I doubt statements like these are serious ways to look at history.
Don't worry Nikkkom , my family was sent to Siberia and my father grew up there and only later returned to Latvia.But Latvia was first declared as a country and made sovereign because V.I.Lenin overthrew the Czar and did the October revolution and then granted us freedom from the Russian empire.
Yes the organization he created later took that freedom away under the lead of Stalin, but what else did you expect ? they were the winners and no matter how much the westerners try to claim their prizes , the Russians fought with the Germans and took most of the hits.I'm not trying to be biased here but we must understand that if not for the Russian effort and the USSR we would speak German today , and God forbid they would have had more time and would have probably got the A bomb , think about that.

Everything has a brightside to it , the Cold war made the world advance much more than it probably would have without it , It was after the USSR put the first man into space that the USA ramped up all of it's resources and with the help of a top nazi rocket engineer of Jewish decent that they made the Saturn V and put themselves on to the moon.If not for the space race this would have all probably happened a lot later.
USSR was the biggest socioeconomic/military experiment ever conducted on a global scale on a territory nearly half the landmass of entire Earth , so judging something as big as that with few simple words even for those who had lived through it is rather silly.

That being said I must admit that of all the knowledge I have myself over the history of affairs , and it's quite a lot since i have been always keen on history , I must say that the average American doesn't come close to the fanaticism and mind twisting evil genius living inside a Russian who is determined to take over world with the help of a ideological monster machine.
But then again think about the Germans whose fathers came home from a days job of killing hundreds of Jews and then sat at the dinner table with their wives and children like nothing ever happened.No need to always portray just the Russians as the bad ones.

@Jim , well I wouldn't say that you were taught all wrong, well the only wrong thing about the western propaganda is that we all live in caves here eating Chernobyl leftover first aid kits.But to be honest the USSR ideological machine and as I pointed out earlier it's many secret service agencies on top of which ere the KGB were really wicked organizations and their absolute genius is still somewhat hidden and misunderstood by the rest of the world.
If you whine about your NSA tapping your phone calls and the CIA keeping the Guantanamo bay that is just silly , to my understanding that is nothing bad and doesn't come anywhere close to what the KGB did , back in the day probably the worlds most sophisticated and determined intelligence agency which worked with methods ranging from simple interrogation to mass killings and then using a bulldozer to make the grave hole because the bodies were so many they gave up on diggin with shovels.
Just remember that there was no congressman to cry out for help no news agency to hear your cover worthy story and no one to help you if you became the enemy of the state.

On the other hand let me give a conflicting opinion nikkkom , my grandfather worked his whole life as the director of the biggest port in the LPSR socialist republic , he even was able to refuse the invitation to the Communist party and keep his high ranking job , even though he had surveillance on him for this decision.

P.S. which country are you from Nikkkom ?Judging by what you said about your grandmother I would say you are from Ukraine ? Stalin made them starve in the 1930's because otherwise they refused to join the collective big farms and wanted to keep on going each with their own small one.

I must admit a grave sin especially if I were to live in US , when you saw that sickle and hammer on that ship Jim didn't you think to yourself oh, what a lovely and inspiring insignia ? Of course this was far from the truth but I must admit that the symbolism of empires and oppressive regimes are somewhat cool to look at as it gives you this feeling of might etc.Oh , just a crazy thought along the way , would anyone love to visit Chernobyl someday ?I am obsessed with old places and forgotten places especially if they have to do with science and technology , I have written down a list along the years of places I would love to visit.They include old silver and later uranium mines , some working nuclear reactors besides the one I got myself in , and many other objects most ofther travelers don't even know exist.
sadly it all comes down to money , the one thing we hoped would become unnecessary once we achieve total Communism ... :D
 
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  • #74
Salvador said:
Don't worry Nikkkom , my family was sent to Siberia and my father grew up there and only later returned to Latvia.But Latvia was first declared as a country and made sovereign because V.I.Lenin overthrew the Czar and did the October revolution and then granted us freedom from the Russian empire.
Yes the organization he created later took that freedom away under the lead of Stalin, but what else did you expect?

Mass executions and suppression of all political opponents of Communists started under Lenin, not Stalin.

the Russians fought with the Germans and took most of the hits.I'm not trying to be biased here but we must understand that if not for the Russian effort and the USSR we would speak German today

The Russians fought *on the German side* in 1939 - they attacked Poland from both sides. Whereas the West fought against Germans from the very beginning.

"Taking most of the hits" is not a thing to be proud of. Especially since USSR had more tanks, more airplanes, more artillery than Germans at the beginning of their clash. If anything, its *Germans* who should have lost in 1941.

I am not at all sure that Germans would have won against UK+US.

USSR was the biggest socioeconomic/military experiment ever conducted on a global scale on a territory nearly half the landmass of entire Earth , so judging something as big as that with few simple words even for those who had lived through it is rather silly.

I can write twenty pages about it. I'm actually would love to talk about it in detail - it's amazing how little understanding of what actually was happening in USSR, how it worked, why it failed, exists in American left. Especially worrying is that they think they can build a "working socialism". They can't. No one can, because that system can't work.
 
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  • #75
Well yes we should then just open a cleverly thought through topic on another subforums otherwise this thread already has so much politics in it, that I'm starting to think nuclear reactors run on Trotsky's spilled blood which the USSR obtained when Stalin ordered to " enrich" Trotsky's head with an axe, while he was hiding in Mexico.

Yes Russia indeed first signed the The Molotov Ribbentrop Pact whicg meant that at first Stalin was secretly working together with Hitler only later on Hitler made a fool of himself and made the historic mistake that many before him had made and always failed , he attacked the USSR in hopes of invading Russia.In the words of the great Jeremy Clarkson from the Top Gear times , "Some say , that nuclear reactors in the USSR are 100% safe and clean because they reach their critical mass using nothing but Lenin's books about class warfare stacked in a pile which is then moderated and kept under control with a few insertions of "Mein Kampf".
As far as Chernobyl and RBMK's go I actually found a good description by a fellow member here years ago quite randomly , here's the thread
https://www.physicsforums.com/threads/rbmk-slovakia-and-bulgaria.298382/

post #8 by Morbius , very brief yet detailed and good explanation for those who don't know yet , just in case.
 
  • #76
nikkkom said:
it's amazing how little understanding of what actually was happening in USSR, how it worked, why it failed, exists in American left.
Unfortunately there never was a Nuremberg Trials equivalent for Stalin's terror. Nor Mao's. If there had been, I suspect the rise of a militaristic dictator running Russia would be as likely as swastika sporting strong man being allowed to run modern Germany.
 
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  • #77
Oh I don't know folks , if you are interested maybe we can have a nice chat in some subforums here on PF , we still have one were free speech is allowed right?

As for what you said @mheslep , I can't fully agree , first of all Russia is no Germany the mentality has a big difference.Second of all nobody judges the victor , atleast not in a all out world war.Thirdly nobody also judges those who go strong and keep their power.Russia hasn't fallen into enemy hands in the last couple of centuries , only regime changes but in Russia a regime change doesn't mean the same as elsewere it doesn't imply that the next one will condemn the previous.

And after all do you really think that just because Stalin died as a national hero and had no trial the people of Russia or around the world don't know he used to run the biggest slaughter machine in the history of mankind? Many hate him and many praise him and their both Russians , one really has to drink with Russians and live there to truly understand how one country slain by it's own ruler can still love him and follow his footsteps , it's somewhat their mentality and the communists knew that all to well and used it successfully throughout the years but this is a topic for atleast a book as thick as The Decameron which I'm reading right now.

All in all don't judge Stalin by his blood , no leader of USSR Russia at that time could have went entirely without blood , you can't control a monster machine wihout some sacrifice of your own.For those of you who know history , Lenin said shortly before his death that he has created a machine that seems to got out of control and work against the very revolutionaries themselves.That's a clue , those who think deeper will understand.
You have to give Stalin credit for his love for architecture , just to give you folks a different perspective , here's a recent CNN link showing Moscow metro stations , and I must say I find them extremely beautiful.

http://edition.cnn.com/2016/03/21/architecture/moscow-metro-stations-david-burdeny/index.htmlThe offer still stands if anyone wants to have a in depth thread about some of the biggest things in human history , soviet socialism including maybe we should make a thread , I love politics and history just as much as I love physics , sadly I happen to be better at the first than the second.
 
  • #78
Salvador said:
...Russia hasn't fallen into enemy hands in the last couple of centuries ...
Sure it did, it fell into the hands of the Bolsheviks and Stalinists , who murdered tens of millions, as did much of Eastern Europe. I'm not sure the Nazis could have done worse. You really want a thread on on Hitler vs Stalin, how Stalin wasn't so bad, had to be done? I think Saddam Hussein said something similar before they hung him.
 
  • #79
Salvador said:
a territory nearly half the landmass of entire earth
Not a chance. Maybe a tenth is my guess.

6%. The USSR was 6% of Earth's landmass.
 
  • #80
Salvador said:
The offer still stands if anyone wants to have a in depth thread about some of the biggest things in human history
I'm terrible at history because i cannot remember names of people or places.
I would read with great interest such a history thread but couldn't contribute much.
I value the input from you folks around Russia - it's eye opening...

Since i can't remember details i have to look for patterns.
Late nineteenth-early 20th century was a time of drastic change.
US War Between the States was the first big one where information and supplies could move faster than muscle power. Telegraph and steam railroads...
Nietzsche pushed idea of "noble races" .
US pretty much eradicated its American Indian population . And grabbed territory from Spain and Mexico by conquest . (Did we set an example or just continue a European paradigm ?)
Art of War became highly mechanized . (Great White Fleet)
Radio created Instantaneous mass communication .

Seems an environment where adolescent civilization is bound to make mistakes learning to use these newfound muscles.
Lincoln's "Address at the Lyceum" describes the power seeking personality type that's apt to avail itself of such opportunity. And did.

I hope you guys start a thread in General Discussion.

old jim
 
  • #81
With all due respect @mheslep the opinion you expressed kind of reminds of so many others coming from westerners and I have a problem with that as they are somewhat surface like and full of the information the west has been presented with in order to paint the world the way the US government wants it.

Saying Russia fell into the hands of Bolsheviks in 1917 is like saying America fell into the hands of it's European settlers who demanded freedom from the British Empire.You fought and declared independence in 1776 because you were tired of the queen telling you what to do.
The Russians followed Lenin because he was a revolutionary and a turn around,a light of hope into the otherwise centuries long Russian Czar empire system.
Lenin was no enemy to Russia , you think the Czar didn't kill any people ? I think if we would look closer into the very American history we would find certain killings in the name of the new born country , although yes I can't deny the only ones doing it on such a grand scale and in the name of something never before seen were the communists.

As for the nazis , trust me they could have done worse they simply didn't have the resources and the time to do it any longer , the Russians did have both of them and still do.No need to say one was worse than the other.

I once spoke with one guy in the university and he was of Russian descent , he said that the only way Russia can be held together and somewhat contained to not become a threat for the world is for it to have a strong leader.You people just don't understand that democracy is not meant for everyone and doesn't need to be.
Trying to see the world in such light is as much of a utopia as that by the communists to dream of a future were everyone would become nice and honest.
Those who think Putin is evil and bad should inform themselves and consider the alternatives , the ones who also seek that chair.

P.S. When would the time finally come when people would stop being so ignorant about world history and the state of affairs , the lowest possible state that we could drop to is when everyone starts answering with answers like "France is a continent" or "The Eiffel tower is located in Sydney and the Russians want to place a Lenin sculpture on top of it."I'll think about that option to have a chat in the general discussion subforums alhtough from both past experience with people from Continental US and also some answers in this thread I doubt that would be a useful exercise.I like to learn physics , when one tries to straighten a political argument the majority is just too weak and can't take it so nothing but flame wars arise from it.
 
  • #82
This is a nuclear engineering thread. No politics here please.
 
  • #83
Yep this thread went offtopic but mostly due to my weakness to such topics as discussed here.
I will provide no further unnecessary answers in this thread and rather open one in the general discussion if I decide so.
 
  • #84
mea culpa as well. Center rudder
 
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